Table 4.
Adjusted mean blood pressure and adjusted odds ratios for hypertension by cannabis use status, 2009–2018
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) |
Diastolic BP (mm Hg) |
Hypertension 130/80 mm Hg |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Unadjusted | |||
| Never | 121.4 (120.6–122.2) | 74.5 (73.9–75.1) | 1.00 Reference |
| History of monthly use | |||
| No | 120.1 (119.2–120.9) | 73.9 (73.2–74.6) | 0.97 (0.84–1.11) |
| Yes | 123.0 (122.1–123.9)* | 74.6 (73.9–75.4) | 1.15 (1.01–1.31)* |
| Duration of monthly use | |||
| <5 y | 121.0 (119.3–122.7) | 74.7 (73.5–75.9) | 1.09 (0.84–1.40) |
| 5–10 y | 120.9 (119.2–122.5) | 73.0 (71.6–74.5) | 1.02 (0.79–1.33) |
| >10 y | 124.4 (123.2–125.6)* | 75.1 (74.2–76.0) | 1.22 (1.03–1.45)* |
| History of monthly use | |||
| Non-recent use | 122.9 (121.7–124.1) | 74.7 (73.8–75.6) | 1.09 (0.89–1.34) |
| Recent use | 123.2 (121.8–124.7) | 74.5 (73.4–75.7) | 1.19 (1.03–1.38)* |
| Model 1 (M1): Adjusted for sociodemographic variables | |||
| Never | 121.9 (121.2–122.7) | 74.7 (74.1–75.3) | 1.00 Reference |
| History of monthly use | 121.5 (120.7–122.3) | 74.3 (73.6–75.0) | 0.97 (0.84–1.10) |
| No | |||
| Yes | 122.4 (121.5–123.2) | 74.0 (73.2–74.8) | 0.92 (0.79–1.07) |
| Duration of monthly use | |||
| <5 y | 122.1 (120.4–123.9) | 74.7 (73.4–76.0) | 1.04 (0.79–1.39) |
| 5–10 y | 121.3 (119.6–123.0) | 72.8 (71.3–74.3) | 0.93 (0.70–1.23) |
| >10 y | 122.8 (121.6–123.9) | 74.1 (73.1–75.2) | 0.88 (0.73–1.06) |
| History of monthly use | |||
| Non-recent use | 122.1 (121.0–123.3) | 74.1 (73.2–75.0) | 0.91 (0.73–1.13) |
| Recent use | 122.7 (121.3–124.2) | 73.9 (72.5–75.2) | 0.93 (0.79–1.10) |
| Model 2 (M2): Adjusted for cigarette and alcohol use and physical activity | |||
| Never | 121.3 (120.4–122.2) | 74.1 (73.5–74.8) | 1.00 Reference |
| History of monthly use | |||
| No | 121.1 (120.0–122.3) | 74.4 (73.5–75.2) | 0.98 (0.82–1.17) |
| Yes | 123.2 (122.0–124.3)* | 74.9 (73.9–75.8) | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) |
| Duration of monthly use | |||
| <5 y | 122.9 (120.5–125.3) | 76.0 (74.5–77.4) | 1.14 (0.76–1.70) |
| 5–10 y | 122.7 (120.2–125.3) | 74.7 (72.5–76.8) | 1.18 (0.78–1.79) |
| >10 y | 123.4 (121.9–124.9) | 74.5 (73.1–75.9) | 0.96 (0.76–1.22) |
| History of monthly use | |||
| Non-recent use | 123.3 (121.7–124.9) | 75.0 (73.9–76.0) | 1.12 (0.83–1.51)) |
| Recent use | 123.0 (121.1–124.8) | 74.6 (72.7–76.6) | 1.00 (0.80–1.25) |
| Model 3 (M3): Adjusted for CVD risk factors | |||
| Never | 122.6 (120.9–124.2) | 74.1 (72.8–75.4) | 1.00 Reference |
| History of monthly use | |||
| No | 122.4 (120.7–124.0) | 74.2 (72.8–75.5) | 0.82 (0.62–1.08) |
| Yes | 124.5 (122.4–126.6) | 74.7 (73.1–76.2) | 0.91 (0.66–1.24) |
| Duration of monthly use | |||
| <5 y | 123.6 (120.3–127.0) | 75.9 (73.7–78.0) | 0.90 (0.54–1.49) |
| 5–10 y | 124.3 (121.1–127.4) | 74.4 (71.3–77.4) | 0.91 (0.49–1.70) |
| >10 y | 125.0 (122.3–127.7) | 74.2 (72.4–76.0) | 0.91 (0.62–1.33) |
| History of monthly use | |||
| Non-recent use | 124.3 (121.8–126.9) | 74.8 (73.1–76.5) | 1.03 (0.64–1.67) |
| Recent use | 124.9 (122.3–127.5) | 74.4 (72.2–76.7) | 0.85 (0.62–1.17) |
Notes: M1 adjusts for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and household income. M2: M1 + adjusts for cigarette and alcohol use and physical activity. M3 for BP: M2 + adjusts for BMI, total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio, HbA1c, antihypertensive, antilipidemic, and antidiabetic medications. M3 for hypertension: M3 for BP minus antihypertensive medication. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
* P < 0.05 compared with never use.