Table 2.
Miscellaneous phytochemicals loaded in nanocarriers with their documented potential activity between 2019–2023.
| Phytochemicals | Method of Preparation | Potential Activity against | LNPs | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anacardic acid | Hot homogenization method | Microbial biofilm | SLN | [47] |
| Apigenin | Microemulsion method | Diabetic neuropathy | SLN | [48] |
| Baicalein | Reverse evaporation method | Acute lung injury | Liposomes | [49] |
| Bakuchiol | Hot homogenization method | Psoriasis | SLN | [50] |
| Betulinic acid | Microemulsion method | Retinal oxidative injury | SLN | [51] |
| Caffeic acid | Lipid film hydration | Alzheimer’s disease | Liposomes | [52] |
| Camphor | Emulsification method | Asthma | NE | [53] |
| Carvacrol | High pressure microfludization | Fungal infection | NE | [54] |
| Chrysin | Homogenization and sonication | Pancreatic cancer | SLN | [55] |
| Cinnamaldehyde | Thin film evaporation | Bacterial infection | Liposomes | [56] |
| Citral | High pressure homogenization | Breast cancer | NLC | [57] |
| Coumarin | Cold homogenization method | Drug-resistant bacterial infection | SLN | [58] |
| Eucalyptol | Thin film hydration | Diabetes-associated vascular endothelial injury | Liposomes | [59] |
| Eugenol | High speed shearing | Wound treatment | NE | [60] |
| Ferulic acid | Solvent evaporation | Colon cancer | SLN | [61] |
| Gallic acid | Double emulsion technique | Oxidation in food fortification | SLN | [62] |
| Hesperetin | Phase inversion temperature method | Glioblastoma | NLC | [63] |
| Honokiol | Low energy shaking method | Glioblastoma | NE | [64] |
| Hypericin | Ultrasonication method | Breast cancer | NE | [65] |
| Hyperoside | Thin film hydration | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Liposomes | [66] |
| Juglone | Thin film hydration | Cystic hydatid disease | Liposomes | [67] |
| Kaempferol | Emulsification method | Glioblastoma | NLC | [68] |
| Lapachol | Hot homogenization method | Breast cancer | NE | [69] |
| Licochalcone | High shear homogenization | Schistosomiasis | SLN | [70] |
| Lignin | High pressure homogenization | Hydrophobicity and oxidative stress | NE | [71] |
| Limonene | Ultrasonication method | Fungal infection (tomato preservation) | NLC | [72] |
| Myricetin | Ultrasonication homogenization method | Colorectal cancer | SLN | [73] |
| Oleanolic acid | Thin film hydration | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Liposomes | [74] |
| Paeoniflorin | Thin film hydration | Rheumatoid arthritis | Liposomes | [75] |
| Parthenolide | Thin film hydration | Cervical cancer | Liposomes | [76] |
| Perillyl alcohol | Hot high pressure homogenization | Brain tumor | NLC | [77] |
| Phloretin | Emulsification method | Inflammation | NE | [78] |
| Pinene | Ethanol injection method | Oxidative stress | Liposomes | [79] |
| Pinocembrin | Thin film hydration | Hyperglycemia | Liposomes | [80] |
| Proanthocyanidins | Homogenization method | Parkinson’s disease | SLN | [81] |
| Procyanidin | Thin film hydration | Oxidative stress | Liposomes | [82] |
| Pterostilbene | Ultrasonication method | Breast cancer | SLN | [83] |
| Pulegone | High shear homogenization | Microbial infection | SLN | [84] |
| Quercetin | High shear homogenization | Diabetes mellitus | NE | [85] |
| Thymol | Emulsification method | Oral infections | NE | [86] |
| Thymoquinone | Ultrasonication method | Breast cancer | NE | [87] |
| Umbelliferone | Thin film hydration | Dalton’s ascites lymphoma | Liposomes | [88] |