Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Variable | Total | SCD | MCI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 2255 | 919 (40%) | 1336 (60%) | |
| Baseline age, mean (SD) | 71.00 (8.67) | 71.24 (8.14) | 70.84 (9.02) | |
| Female, n (%) | 1392 (62%) | 592 (64%) | 800 (60%) | < 0.05b |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 25.55 (4.32) | 25.43 (4.26) | 25.64 (4.36) | |
| Education (year), mean (SD) | 11.30 (3.04) | 11.79 (2.83) | 10.96 (3.13) | < 0.001a |
| No institutionalisation, n (%) | 2250 (99%) | 918 (99%) | 1332 (99%) | |
| MMSE, mean (SD) | 27.95 (1.90) | 28.54 (1.32) | 27.53 (2.12) | < 0.001a |
| Depression score, mean (SD) | 1.52 (3.04) | 1.14 (2.81) | 1.78 (3.16) | < 0.001a |
| IADL, mean (SD) | 1.06 (0.17) | 1.03 (0.12) | 1.08 (0.2) | < 0.001a |
| Smoking, n (%) | 162 (7%) | 49 (5%) | 113 (8%) | < 0.05b |
| Alcohol units, mean (SD) | 5.22 (7.86) | 5.33 (7.30) | 5.14 (8.23) | |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 629 (28%) | 245 (27%) | 384 (29%) | |
| Cardiovascular history, n (%) | 307 (14%) | 104 (11%) | 203 (15%) | < 0.05b |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1362 (60%) | 553 (60%) | 809 (61%) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 197 (9%) | 66 (7%) | 131 (10%) | < 0.05b |
| EQ-5D utility, mean (SD) | 0.82 (0.17) | 0.84 (0.16) | 0.81 (0.18) | < 0.001a |
| EQ-5D VAS, mean (SD) | 72.52 (15.63) | 75.80 (14.82) | 70.26 (15.77) | < 0.001a |
| Follow-up (year), mean (SD) | 4.05 (1.64) | 4.20 (1.58) | 3.95 (1.67) | < 0.001a |
| Converts to dementia, n (%) | 310 (14%) | 31 (3%) | 279 (21%) | < 0.001b |
SCD Subjective cognitive decline, MCI Mild cognitive impairment, SD Standard deviation, BMI Body mass index, MMSE Mini-mental state examination, Depression, measured by neuropsychiatric inventory clinician-rated version (ranges from 0 to 21, higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms), IADL Instrumental activity of daily living (ranges from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate more functional impairment)
aIndependent t-test
bChi-square test