Figure 5.

Octopamine feeding does not rescue activity rhythm phenotypes of Clk^out mutants. No significant changes were observed in the percentage of rhythmic flies within the control or experimental groups after OA feeding. However, all the mutants performed significantly worse than the controls. All comparisons under the bars (control vs. OA) were not significant while all those between bars (w¹¹¹⁸ vs. Clk^out) were significantly different, n = 16 (A). Main effects of OA treatment and genotype were analyzed via two-way ANOVAs; genotype was found to have a significant main effect (p = 0.0150) while OA feeding did not have a significant main effect (p = 0.1337). Percent rhythmicity between groups was compared via a chi-square test. Regardless of treatment or sex, all control flies had significantly lower activity during the nighttime hours. The mutant cohorts showed no significant decrease in activity during the nighttime hours. The only possible exception were mutant females which trended toward a lower activity in the dark hours; however, the difference in activity from light to dark hours was not significant (p = 0.1014). n = 16, t-test (B). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001, ns is not significant. The assessment of rhythmicity was conducted in DD conditions, while daytime vs. nighttime activity was assessed in LD.