Table 1.

Production of interleukin-17 in response to anti-CD3 and mitogens by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis

RA cells	Stimulation	Interleukin-17 (pg/ml)
PBMC	None	42 ± 11
	Anti-CD3	155 ± 24
	Anti-CD3 + anti-CD28	211 ± 1
	PHA	588 ± 85
T cells	None	30 ± 10
	Anti-CD3	94 ± 41
	PHA	122 ± 73

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated for 24 hours with anti-CD3 (10 μg/ml) plus anti-CD28 antibody (1 μg/ml), phytohemagglutinin (PHA; 5 μg/ml), or none of these (medium only). RA T cells were stimulated for 24 hours with anti-CD3 (10 μg/ml) and PHA (5 μg/ml). The levels of interleukin-17 were measured in culture supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results are means ± SEM of three independent experiments.