Table 4.
Characteristics of patients according to muscle strength and muscle function cut-offs.
| Grip Test | Gait Speed | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | <16 kg (n = 39) |
≥16 kg (n = 275) |
<0.83 m/s | ≥0.83 m/s |
| Age, years | 57.2 ± 14.8 | 46.6 ± 14.8 ** | 58.1 ± 11.4 | 48.0 ± 15.0 ** |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 37.1 ± 6.3 | 39.0 ± 5.4 * | 41.0 ± 7.1 | 39.0 ± 5.6 |
| WB FM, kg | 43.2 ± 9.7 | 47.5 ± 9.7 ** | 47.58 ± 10.9 | 47.1 ± 9.8 |
| Trunk FM, kg | 43.3 ± 4.1 | 44.2 ± 4.9 * | 23.7 ± 5.8 | 23.1 ± 5.4 |
| Arms FM, kg | 5.6 ± 1.8 | 6.0 ± 1.5 | 6.2 ± 1.7 | 6.0 ± 2.4 |
| Legs FM, kg | 16.3 ± 5.1 | 17.2 ± 4.7 | 16.7 ± 5.1 | 17.0 ± 4.8 |
| WB LTM, kg | 51.2 ± 7.2 | 54.9 ± 7.4 ** | 54.2 ± 8.4 | 54.2 ± 7.6 |
| Trunk LTM, kg | 26.6 ± 3.5 | 28.0 ± 3.9 * | 29.5 ± 9.2 | 28.1 ± 3.8 |
| Arms LTM, kg | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 5.3 ± 0.9 * | 5.3 ± 1.15.3 ± 3.3 | 5.3 ± 0.9 |
| Legs LTM, kg | 16.5 ± 3.2 | 18.0 ± 3.2 ** | 17.8 ± 3.4 | 17.8 ± 3.2 |
| ALM, kg | 21.5 ± 4.0 | 23.3 ± 3.8 ** | 22.6 ± 4.1 | 23.1 ± 3.8 |
| ALMI(h2), kg/m2 | 8.37 ± 1.41 | 8.76 ± 1.26 * | 8.9 ± 1.6 | 8.7 ± 1.3 |
| ALMI(BMI), | 0.580 ± 0.080 | 0.600 ± 0.080 | 0.560 ± 0.070 | 0.600 ± 0.080 * |
| 6-min walking test, m | 417.5 ± 108.4 | 474.5 ± 93.4 ** | 209.4 ± 67.3 | 478.6 ± 73.3 ** |
| Gait speed. m/s | 1.16 ± 0.30 | 1.32 ± 0.26 ** | 0.58 ± 0.19 | 1.33 ± 0.2 ** |
| Grip test, kg | 11.9 ± 3.05 | 24.7 ± 5.7 ** | 18.2 ± 5.3 | 23.5 ± 6.9 ** |
| REE, cal/24 h | 1582.3 ± 270.0 | 1743.8 ± 271.3 ** | 1745.5 ± 303.4 | 1724.8 ± 273.7 |
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. * p < 0.05. ** p < 0.01. BMI: body mass index (weight/height2); FM: fat mass; WB: whole body; LTM: lean tissue mass; ALM: appendicular lean mass; ALMI: appendicular lean mass index [ALMI(h2): ALM/height2 and ALMI(BMI): ALM/BMI)]; BMI: body mass index (weight/height2). Obesity index was defined as T-score = [ALMI(h2) − 2.08 + 0.183 × BMI)]/0.72 [14]. Only parameters presenting differences between groups (<16 kg or ≥16 kg and <0.83 m/s or ≥0.83 m/s, respectively) are presented.