FimYZ activation of the hilE promoter requires the presence of sequences in the hilE promoter in E. coli and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Expression values for the hilE-lacZY reporter plasmids in E. coli are shown in panel A. The E. coli strains DH12S/pMAB69, DH12S/pMAB69/pISF182, DH12S/pMAB102, and DH12S/pMAB102/pISF182 were grown with shaking overnight in Lennox broth. Expression values for hilE-lacZY reporter plasmids in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium are shown in panel B. The S. enterica serovar Typhimurium strains SL1344 ΔhilE/pMAB69, SL1344 ΔhilE/pMAB69/pISF182, SL1344 ΔhilE/pMAB102, and SL1344 ΔhilE/pMAB102/pISF182 were grown with shaking overnight in Lennox broth. Plasmid pMAB69 encodes the hilE-lacZY reporter. Plasmd pMAB102 encodes the hilE-lacZY reporter with putative FimYZ binding sites deleted from the promoter. Plasmid pISF182 encodes functional fimY and fimZ genes. β-Galactosidase assays were performed at least three times.