Table 3.
Prediction performances in terms of MAE (best results are shown as bold).
| Type | Method | Stress | Anxiety | Positive Affect | Negative Affect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional | Random Forest (RF) | 0.6702 | 0.6508 | 3.2955 | 2.2088 |
| XGBoost | 0.6910 | 0.6316 | 3.4269 | 1.7874 | |
| LSTM | 0.6443 | 0.6445 | 3.2325 | 1.5121 | |
| Time-Based | RF (1 day look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5922 | 0.4700 | 2.4881 | 1.4999 |
| XGBoost (1 day look back-1 day lookup) | 0.6319 | 0.4745 | 2.4947 | 1.4304 | |
| LSTM (1 day look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5377 | 0.3897 | 2.5075 | 1.3841 | |
| RF (3 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5907 | 0.4628 | 2.2741 | 1.3118 | |
| XGBoost (3 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5952 | 0.4653 | 2.1851 | 1.2466 | |
| LSTM (3 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5394 | 0.3729 | 2.1387 | 1.0574 | |
| RF (7 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5808 | 0.4575 | 2.3130 | 1.2717 | |
| XGBoost (7 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5791 | 0.4527 | 2.2623 | 1.0866 | |
| LSTM (7 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5111 | 0.3846 | 2.1923 | 1.0522 | |
| XGBoost (15 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.6327 | 0.5736 | 2.4947 | 1.2982 | |
| LSTM (15 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.4718 | 0.4752 | 2.3795 | 1.3159 | |
| XGBoost (30 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.6518 | 0.6025 | 2.1583 | 1.3630 | |
| LSTM (30 days look back-1 day lookup) | 0.5004 | 0.4804 | 2.3929 | 1.4011 | |
| RF (3 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.5950 | 0.5239 | 2.5205 | 1.3992 | |
| XGBoost (3 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.6078 | 0.5356 | 2.3898 | 1.3983 | |
| LSTM (3 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.5547 | 0.4600 | 2.3425 | 1.2564 | |
| RF (7 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.6324 | 0.5605 | 2.6482 | 1.4781 | |
| XGBoost (7 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.6122 | 0.5386 | 2.5328 | 1.4341 | |
| LSTM (7 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.5480 | 0.4805 | 2.6318 | 1.2277 | |
| XGBoost (15 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.6371 | 0.5754 | 2.3931 | 1.5495 | |
| LSTM (15 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.5470 | 0.4931 | 2.6475 | 1.3904 | |
| XGBoost (30 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.6542 | 0.6067 | 2.4716 | 1.6104 | |
| LSTM (30 days look back-3 days lookup) | 0.5576 | 0.5046 | 2.8832 | 1.3621 | |
| XGBoost (7 days look back-7 days lookup) | 0.6203 | 0.5450 | 2.5584 | 1.4378 | |
| LSTM (7 days look back-7 days lookup) | 0.5947 | 0.5023 | 2.6342 | 1.3411 | |
| XGBoost (15 days look back-7 days lookup) | 0.6396 | 0.5846 | 2.5653 | 1.5649 | |
| LSTM (15 days look back-7 days lookup) | 0.6018 | 0.5322 | 2.8423 | 1.5316 | |
| XGBoost (30 days look back-7 days lookup) | 0.6548 | 0.6125 | 2.5487 | 1.6158 | |
| LSTM (30 days look back-7 days lookup) | 0.5802 | 0.5106 | 2.9486 | 1.4353 |