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Classification of hemorrhage
| Class | ||||
| Parameter | I | II | III | IV |
| Blood loss (ml) | <750 | 750–1500 | 1500–2000 | >2000 |
| Blood loss (%) | <15% | 15–30% | 30–40% | >40% |
| Pulse rate (beats/min) | <100 | >100 | >120 | >140 |
| Blood pressure | Normal | Decreased | Decreased | Decreased |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 14–20 | 20–30 | 30–40 | >35 |
| Urine output (ml/hour) | >30 | 20–30 | 5–15 | Negligible |
| CNS symptoms | Normal | Anxious | Confused | Lethargic |
Modified from Committee on Trauma [4]. CNS = central nervous system.
