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. 2023 Oct 25;12(21):6758. doi: 10.3390/jcm12216758

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Milestones in TIPS development [10,13,14,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. (°) = International Ascites Club definition of recurrent and refractory ascites; (*) = recurrent ascites defined by the performance of at least two large-volume paracenteses within a minimum interval of 3 weeks. Abbreviations: AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; AVB, acute variceal bleeding; BMSs, bare metal stents; CX, controlled expansion; ePTFE-SGs, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-stent grafts; GL, guidelines; PH, portal hypertension; PV, portal vein; TFS, transplant-free survival; TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. (Created with BioRender.com).