Table 1.
Other possible risk factors for infection and length of stay
| Preoperative parameter | Value | Missing values (%) |
| Age in years (mean ± SD) | 62.4 ± 10.0 | 0 |
| Male sex (n [%]) | 127 (84.1) | 0 |
| ASA | 0 | |
| Class I (n [%]) | 47 (31.1) | |
| Class II (n [%]) | 104 (68.9) | |
| History of cardiac valve disease or arrhythmia (n [%]) | 7 (4.6) | 0.7 |
| History of hypertension (n [%]) | 21 (13.9) | 0.7 |
| History of coronary artery disease (n [%]) | 16 (10.6) | 0.7 |
| BMI (mean ± SD) | 25.4 ± 3.3 | 25.8 |
| Percentage of expected FEV1 (mean ± SD) | 101 ± 18 | 18.5 |
| Diabetes mellitus (n [%]) | 9 (6.0) | 0.7 |
| Preoperative weight loss (kg; mean ± SD) | 5.3 ± 6.6 | 7.9 |
| Clinical staging of tumor | 1.3 | |
| Stage I (n [%]) | 18 (11.9) | |
| Stage II (n [%]) | 68 (45.0) | |
| Stage III (n [%]) | 58 (38.4) | |
| Stage IV (n [%]) | 5 (3.3) | |
| Allocated to transthoracic procedure (n [%]) | 78 (51.7%) | 0 |
| Duration of surgery (hours; mean ± SD) | 5.3 (1.6) | 0.7 |
| Insulin use within 48 hours after surgery (n [%]) | 9 (6.0%) | 9.2 |
A total of 151 patients were included. ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; SD, standard deviation.