Table 1.
Sample characteristics for older adults in the Health and Retirement Study with epigenetic aging data (N = 3,647).
| Mean / % | SD | Range | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chronological age, years | 68.7 | 9.3 | 50−100 |
| Biological sex | |||
| Female | 55.1 | ||
| Male | 44.9 | ||
| Self−identified race/ethnicity | |||
| Black, non−Hispanic | 9.3 | ||
| Hispanic | 7.9 | ||
| Other race, non−Hispanic | 3.3 | ||
| White, non−Hispanic | 79.5 | ||
| Educational attainment | |||
| Less than high school | 13.1 | ||
| High school diploma or GED | 30.2 | ||
| Some college | 26.0 | ||
| College diploma or higher | 30.7 | ||
| BMI category | |||
| Normal or underweight (<25) | 27.0 | ||
| Overweight (25 to < 30) | 37.3 | ||
| Obese I (30 to < 35) | 22.3 | ||
| Obese II (>35) | 13.4 | ||
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 44.7 | ||
| Current | 10.4 | ||
| Former | 44.8 | ||
| Alcohol use | |||
| None | 56.2 | ||
| 1−4 drinks per day | 41.2 | ||
| 5+ drinks per day | 0.03 | ||
| Physical activity | 2.9 | 0.9 | 1−4 |
| Relationship status | |||
| Has a spouse | 65.1 | ||
| Has children | 85.9 | ||
| Has other family | 93.4 | ||
| Has friends | 91.2 | ||
| Social support | |||
| Spousal support | 3.4 | 0.7 | 1−4 |
| Child support | 3.2 | 0.8 | 1−4 |
| Other family support | 2.8 | 0.9 | 1−4 |
| Friend support | 3.0 | 0.8 | 1−4 |
| Social strain | |||
| Spousal strain | 2.0 | 0.7 | 1−4 |
| Child strain | 1.7 | 0.7 | 1−4 |
| Other family strain | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1−4 |
| Friend strain | 1.4 | 0.5 | 1−4 |
| Epigenetic aging variables | |||
| Horvath | 65.2 | 9.4 | 29.9−114.5 |
| Hannum | 54.0 | 8.9 | 32.0−107.8 |
| PhenoAge | 56.8 | 9.9 | 27.4−101.7 |
| GrimAge | 67.2 | 8.5 | 45.6−99.6 |
| DunedinPoAm38 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.8−1.4 |
Note. DunedinPoAm38 = Dunedin Pace of Aging methylation; BMI = body mass index.