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. 2023 Oct 17;9(11):e21068. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21068

Table 2.

Hematological biomarkers according to risk groups (n = 60).


Variable
Low risk
Group (a)
(n = 20)
Intermediate low risk
Group (b)
(n = 10)
Intermediate high risk
Group (c)
(n = 10)
High risk group (d)
(n = 20)
P
TLC(10³/ul):
Mean ± SD
8.3 ± 2.1 8.3 ± 2.7 8.4 ± 2.4 8.5 ± 2.5 0.99 (NS)
Neutrophils (10³/ul):
Mean ± SD
7.6 ± 1.9 8.1 ± 2.2 8.2 ± 2.9 8.6 ± 2.3 0.59 (NS)
Lymphocytes (10³/ul):
Mean ± SD
a,b
1.7 ± 0.6
a,b,c,d
1.3 ± 0.6
b,c,d
1.1 ± 0.5
b,c,d
0.9 ± 0.4
0.001 (S)
NLR:
Mean ± SD
a,b
4.9 ± 2.4
a,b
6.8 ± 2.6
c,d
8.4 ± 4.2
c,d
10 ± 3.9
<0.001 (HS)
Hemoglobin (g/dl):
Mean ± SD
13.1 ± 1.7 13.8 ± 1.5 12.7 ± 2.1 13.2 ± 1.8 0.56 (NS)
Hematocrit (%):
Mean ± SD
37.4 ± 7.4 37.6 ± 6.6 36.8 ± 8.4 36.7 ± 6.9 0.985 (NS)
HHR:
Mean ± SD
2.8 ± 0.2 2.6 ± 0.2 2.8 ± 0.2 2.7 ± 0.2 0.213 (NS)
PLT(10³/ul):
Mean ± SD
257.1 ± 73 253.1 ± 95 249.7 ± 91 247.2 ± 70 0.98 (NS)
PLR:
Mean ± SD
a,b
171.1 ± 65
a,b,c
205.8 ± 76
b,c,d
228.6 ± 84
b,c,d
262.7 ± 85
0.005 (S)
Albumin (g/dl):
Mean ± SD
a,b
3.9 ± 0.7
a,b,c
3.7 ± 0.8
b,c,d
3.2 ± 0.6
c,d
3.1 ± 0.5
0.001 (S)
ALT(U/L):
Mean ± SD
25.4 ± 10 32.3 ± 20 29.8 ± 21 23.2 ± 9 0.39 (NS)
AST(U/L):
Mean ± SD
28.9 ± 11.7 35.4 ± 29.2 31.3 ± 11.5 31.9 ± 21.8 0.86 (NS)
BUN(mg/dl):
Mean ± SD
a,b,c
18.2 ± 5.7
a,b,c
20.7 ± 13.5
a,b,c,d
25.1 ± 9
c,d
29.9 ± 10.3
0.002 (S)
Creatinine (mg/dl):
Mean ± SD
0.79 ± 0.2 0.81 ± 0.5 0.84 ± 0.3 0.81 ± 0.3 0.99 (NS)
B/A (mg/g):
Mean ± SD
a,b
4.7 ± 1.5
a,b,c
5.2 ± 2.4
b,c,d
7.8 ± 2.6
c,d
10.1 ± 4
<0.001 (HS)
PT(Sec):
Mean ± SD
13.3 ± 1.9 14.5 ± 2.2 13.8 ± 1.8 14.8 ± 2.1 0.12 (NS)
PTT(Sec):
Mean ± SD
31.5 ± 4.1 30.1 ± 5.8 30.7 ± 5.1 30.4 ± 0.9 0.83 (NS)
INR:
Mean ± SD
1.06 ± 0.1 1.1 ± 0.1 1.1 ± 0.1 1.1 ± 0.1 0.38 (NS)
CRP(mg/l):
Mean ± SD
a,b
6.6 ± 4
a,b,c
8.9 ± 4.8
b,c
11.4 ± 4.6
d
13.5 ± 7.1
0.002 (S)
Troponin I(ng/ml):
Mean ± SD
a,b
0.09 ± 0.06
a,b
0.1 ± 0.05
c
0.7 ± 0.4
d
1.4 ± 0.6
<0.001 (HS)
BNP (pg/ml):
Mean ± SD
a,b
125.3 ± 40.5
a,b,c
162.7 ± 67.8
b,c
237 ± 57.3
d
416.5 ± 141.3
<0.001 (HS)
HFABP(ng/ml)
Negative (14):
Positive (≥6) (46):
7 (35 %)
13 (65 %)
3 (30 %)
7 (70 %)
2 (20 %)
8 (80 %)
2 (10 %)
18 (90 %)
0.28 (NS)
D-Dimer (ng/ml):
Mean ± SD
a,b
683 ± 132.5
a,b,c
786 ± 198.2
b,c,d
909 ± 270
c,d
1003 ± 353.2
0.002 (S)
IMA (ng/ml):
Mean ± SD
2189 ± 724 2215 ± 905 2309 ± 770 2388 ± 776 0.86 (NS)

Data represented as frequency (percentage), mean, and (SD).

NS non-significant difference (p > 0.05), S statistically significant (P < 005), HS Highly statistically significant (P < 0.001), Different letters denote significant difference.

TLC Total leucocyte count, NLR neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, HHR hematocrit to hemoglobin ratio, PLT platelet, PLR platelet/lymphocyte ratio, ALT Alanine transaminase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, BUN blood urea nitrogen, B/A BUN/albumin ratio, PT prothrombin time, PTT partial thromboplastin time, INR international normalized ratio, CRP C-reactive protein, BNP Brain natriuretic peptide, HFABP Heart type fatty acid binding protein, IMA ischemia modified albumin.