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. 2023 Feb 28;45(4):2405–2423. doi: 10.1007/s11357-023-00755-z

Table 2.

Best predictors of low cognitive level as measured by machine learning methods listed in order (e.g., from the strongest to the weakest)

Predictors of low cognitive level Type of subfactor and category of predictors of low cognitive level
Age Demographic factors
Years of education Demographic factors
Hypertension CMF
Sex Demographic factors
Smoking Lifestyle subfactor-PMHC
Poor institutional help Socio-economic resources-SDH
Type of housing Socio-economic resources-SDH
High self-perception of aging Mental health subfactors-PMHC
No self-defined ethnicity Ethnicity subfactor-CSCF
White race self-perception Race subfactor-CSCF
Black race self-perception Race subfactor-CSCF
Poor economic resources Socio-economic resources-SDH
Black ethnic identification Ethnicity subfactor-CSCF
Witness’ violence Social adversities-SDH
Poor floor conditions Socio-economic resources-SDH
Social isolation Social adversities-SDH
High maltreatment experiences Social adversities-SDH
Fear of falling Mental health subfactors-PMHC
Vision functioning Lifestyle subfactor-PMHC
Moderated maltreatment experiences Social adversities-SDH
Reduced institutional help Socio-economic resources-SDH
Low self-perception of aging Mental health subfactor-PMHC
Health problems (last 15 days) Medical conditions subfactor-PMHC
Housing conditions Socio-economic resources-SDH
Employment Occupation subfactor-CSCF

CMF, cardiometabolic factors; SDH, social determinants of health; PMHC, physical and mental health conditions; CSCF, complementary social context factors