Table 1.

All the authors used albumin level < 3.5 g/dl to identify malnourished patients, only one author used NRS ≥ 3

References	Complication	p value
Walls et al. [13]	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.001
	+ Morbidity	< 0.001
Kamath et al [18]	+ Unplanned ICU admissions	0.001
Bohl et al. [12]	+ Length of stay	< 0.001
	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.001
Kamath et al. [8]	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.001
	+ Transfusions	< 0.001
Ihle et al. [2]	+ Length of stay
	+ Surgical site infection
	+ Increase in costs
Fu et al. [14]	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.001
	+ Morbidity	< 0.001
Rudasill et al. [10]	+ Increase in costs	0.001
Roche et al. [6]	+ Surgical site infection
Ihle et al. [9]	+ Length of stay	0.001
	+ Surgical site infection
Schroer et al. [3]	+ Length of stay	0.007
	+ Increase in costs	< 0.001
Fryhofer et al.  [19]	+ Length of stay	< 0.001
	+ Morbidity	< 0.001
Black et al. [15]	+ Length of stay	< 0.001
	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.001
Bala et al. [1]	+ Increase in costs	< 0.001
Kishawi et al. [16]	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.005
Wilson et al. [11]	+ Length of stay	< 0.001
	+ Transfusions	< 0.001
	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.001
	+ Increase in costs	< 0.001
Eminovic et al. [17]	+ Surgical site infection	< 0.001

All the authors used albumin level < 3.5 g/dL to identify malnourished patients, besides Ihle, Christoph et al., which use NRS ≥ 3