TABLE 2.

Spearman’s correlation coefficients between loneliness and substance use, and loneliness and problematic Internet use stratified by the age groups (Czechia, 2021).

Age group	Correlation of loneliness & drugs, loneliness & alcohol, loneliness & smoking, etc.
	Drugs	Alcohol	Smoking	Caffeine	All-substance use	PIU a
All	0.051	−0.002	0.003	0.001	0.0005	0.199***
Young	0.019	0.060	0.111	0.083	0.140*	0.258***
Early middle	0.056	−0.004	−0.003	−0.008	−0.010	0.172***
Late middle	0.092	−0.048	−0.047	0.052	−0.028	0.188***
Elderly	−0.038	0.0004	0.003	0.030	0.002	0.139*

Notes: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

^a Problematic Internet use.