Fig. 3.

Anti-αvβ1 integrin antibodies inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 entry into the susceptible cell lines.

A-C. Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotyped virus entry by anti-αvβ1 integrin antibodies in three susceptible cell lines, Calu-3 (A), 293T (B), and 293T/hACE2 (C). Cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 S-pseudotyped (red) and VSV-pseudotyped viruses in the presence or absence of respective antibodies at various concentrations (0, 1, 10 μg/mL), respectively. Anti-ACE2 antibody was used as a positive control whereas the isotype-matched IgG served as a negative control. The viral entry efficiency was measured by luciferase activity assay at 72 h post infection. Significant difference between the untreated groups and the 10 μg/mL antibody treated groups were determined by two-tailed unpaired t-test. ns: not significant, p > 0.05; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. Error bars indicate SD (n = 3).