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. 2023 Nov 16;13:348. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02634-9

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A Power spectra and aperiodic fits (straight lines) for average frontal PSDs for a single patient at three pre-treatment sessions. B Aperiodic exponent significantly increases longitudinally (β = 0.027, p = 0.018). The solid green line is the population-level model prediction, with shaded areas representing the 95% confidence interval of the prediction. C Across patients, improvements in QIDS-SR scores, as quantified by the coefficients of a linear mixed-effects (LME) model fit to the data, are correlated to the increase in aperiodic exponent (r = 0.68, p = 0.046); however, this correlation should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size. The solid teal line is the population-level model prediction, with shaded areas representing the 95% confidence interval of the prediction. D Delta band power does not significantly change longitudinally (β = 0.072, p = 0.269).