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. 2023 Nov 15;13:19927. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-43099-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of Cap on BO-induced fibrosis in the heart. (A) Representative images of Masson-trichrome-stained sections of cardiac muscle in the Control (upper left), BO (upper right), Cap (lower left) and BO + Cap (lower right) groups. Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) The area of fibrosis was significantly increased in the BO group (n = 6), but this increase was blocked in the BO + Cap group (n = 6 each). **P < 0.01 by one-way repeated-measures ANOVA followed by the Tukey–Kramer post hoc test. (C) Expression of α-SMA, a fibrosis-related gene, was significantly increased in the BO group (n = 5), but this increase was blocked in the BO + Cap group (n = 5). *P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey–Kramer post hoc test. Data are presented as mean ± SD and dots show individual data. Images of full-size immunoblots are presented in Supplementary Fig. 4. (D and E) Expressions of collagen 1 (D) and collagen 3 (E) was significantly increased in the BO group, but these increases were blocked in the BO + Cap group (n = 4 each). *P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey–Kramer post hoc test. Data are presented as mean ± SD and dots show individual data. Images of full-size immunoblots are presented in Supplementary Figs. 5, 6.