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. 2005 Mar;71(3):1291–1299. doi: 10.1128/AEM.71.3.1291-1299.2005

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Pathways of acyl-HSL degradation. Acyl-HSLs are known to be inactivated by hydrolysis at either the lactone ring or the acyl-amide linkage. Lactone hydrolysis occurs chemically as a function of increased pH (A) (54) or due to the activity of acyl-HSL lactonases produced by strains of Agrobacterium, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Klebsiella (B) (12, 44, 71). (C) The resultant acyl-homoserine (AHS) hydrolysis product is known to be utilized by Arthrobacter strain VAI-A (16). (D) Amide hydrolysis is known to be catalyzed by acyl-HSL acylases produced by Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Variovorax species (27, 33, 37). (E) The fatty acid (FA) released is utilized as an energy source by the strains producing the acylase enzyme. (F) The HSL released by the acylase can be utilized as a N source by Variovorax and Arthrobacter in a process that involves the mineralization of the lactone ring (16, 33) and as an energy source by several Arthrobacter and Burkholderia strains (69).