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. 2023 Nov 15;14:7392. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43192-4

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© The Author(s) 2023

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Fig. 3 — a The signal peptide of SP3 is functional. Both YPRAA and TTC indicate successful secretion of invertase. The empty pSUC2 and pSUC2-Avr1b-SP vectors were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. The scale bar represents 5 mm. b Expression profile of SP3 during V. dahliae infection of cotton. Transcript levels of SP3 were determined by qRT–PCR. The experiment was repeated at least two times with similar results. Values are the means ± s.d. for three technical replicates. Transcript levels of genes were normalized to v991_EVM0005718. c Infection assays of wild-type V991, ΔSP3 mutants, and ΔSP3/SP3-complementation transformants on cotton. The scale bar represents 2 cm. Three-week-old cotton seedlings were inoculated with 10⁶ml⁻¹ conidia of the V991, ΔSP3-1 and ΔSP3-2 strains and complementary transformants Comp-1 and Comp-2. Photographs were taken at 18 dpi. d Disease index of infected cotton plants. Experiments were repeated three times with similar results. n = 15, n shows the number of samples. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.