Fig. 5.

Summary of signalling pathway-mediated changes in emergent properties and gene expression during the ESC-to-EPL cell transition. (A) The L-proline-mediated ESC-to-EPL cell transition recapitulates the transition from the inner cell mass (ICM) to the primitive ectoderm (Snow, 1977; Coucouvanis and Martin, 1999; Brennan et al., 2001; Hart et al., 2002; Pelton et al., 2002; Watanabe et al., 2002; Acampora et al.,, 2013). Note that the representative micrographs are the same as those shown in Fig. 1. (B) Results of MLR show that L-proline acts through each signalling pathway to control different aspects of cell state transition. Interaction effects were noted between some inhibitor combinations, and these are shown in dotted lines, with red dotted lines denoting synergistic effects, where two inhibitors produce a response larger than either alone, and green dotted lines denoting antagonistic effects, where two inhibitors produce a response less than the sum of either alone.