Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients.
| All (N = 90) | TAV (N = 48) | BAV (N = 40) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 70.7 ± 8.8 | 71.7 ± 9.4 | 69.6 ± 8.2 | 0.264 |
| 60–79 | 69 (76.7) | 33 (68.8) | 34 (85.0) | 0.085 |
| ≥80 | 21 (23.3) | 15 (31.2) | 6 (15.0) | |
| Sex male | 48 (53.3) | 27 (56.2) | 21 (52.5) | 0.830 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.6 ± 3.0 | 22.5 ± 2.8 | 22.9 ± 3.2 | 0.602 |
| NYHA functional classification | 0.781 | |||
| II | 12 (13.3) | 8 (16.7) | 4 (10.0) | |
| III | 66 (73.3) | 34 (70.8) | 30 (75.0) | |
| IV | 12 (13.3) | 6 (12.5) | 6 (15.0) | |
| STS score, % | 5.8 ± 1.0 | 5.7 ± 0.9 | 5.9 ± 1.1 | 0.323 |
| Hypertension | 75 (83.3) | 37 (77.1) | 36 (90.0) | 0.156 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 66 (73.3) | 31 (64.6) | 33 (82.5) | 0.092 |
| Chronic heart failure | 27 (30.0) | 10 (20.8) | 15 (37.5) | 0.100 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 25 (27.8) | 11 (22.9) | 14 (35.0) | 0.242 |
| Prior PCI | 17 (18.9) | 11 (22.9) | 6 (15.0) | 0.422 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 16 (17.) | 9 (18.8) | 7 (17.5) | 1 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 13 (14.4) | 7 (14.6) | 6 (15.0) | 1 |
| Chronic atrial fibrillation | 9 (10.0) | 4 (8.3) | 3 (7.5) | 1 |
| Cerebral vascular disease | 6 (6.7) | 2 (4.2) | 4 (10.0) | 0.405 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 14 (15.6) | 4 (8.3) | 8 (20.0) | 0.131 |
| Chronic kidney dialysis | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 67.4 ± 18.7 | 67.5 ± 18.6 | 69.9 ± 19.0 | 0.561 |
| Prior permanent pacemaker | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 |
| Prior biological aortic valve prosthesis | 2 (2.2) | |||
| Prior biological mitral valve prosthesis | 2 (2.2) | |||
| Echocardiographic findings | ||||
| LVEF, % | 60.8 ± 14.5 | 60.5 ± 14.5 | 61.2 ± 14.9 | 0.819 |
| Aortic valve area, cm2 | 0.62 ± 0.18 | 0.67 ± 0.18 | 0.57 ± 0.15 | 0.008 |
| Mean pressure gradient, mmHg | 64.0 ± 20.4 | 58.2 ± 18.2 | 71.7 ± 20.7 | 0.002 |
| Moderate/severe aortic regurgitation | 6 (6.7) | 3 (6.2) | 1 (2.5) | 0.623 |
| Moderate/severe aortic calcification | 76 (84.4) | 35 (72.9) | 40 (100.0) | <0.001 |
| MSCT findings | ||||
| Bicuspid aortic valve | 40 (45.5) | |||
| Annulus diameter, mm | 23.8 ± 2.8 | 23.9 ± 2.5 | 24.1 ± 2.6 | 0.630 |
| Aortic angulation, degree | 49.1 ± 10.0 | 46.2 ± 9.1 | 52.6 ± 10.3 | 0.003 |
Summary statistics are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%).
Apart from 48 patients with TAV and 40 patients with BAV, 2 patients with failed aortic bioprosthetic surgery underwent valve-in-valve TAVI.
BAV, bicuspid aortic valve; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MSCT, multi-slice computed tomography; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons; TAV, transcatheter aortic valve.