Table 3.

Baseline characteristics of the patients and outcomes between proctor support and solo operator phases.

	All			TAV			BAV
	1–30 (N = 30)	31–90 (N = 60)	p-value	1–30 (N = 17)	31–90 (N = 31)	p-value	1–30 (N = 13)	31–90 (N = 27)	p-value
Age, years	70.5 ± 9.5	70.8 ± 8.5	0.872	72.4 ± 10.5	71.3 ± 8.9	0.726	68.1 ± 7.7	70.3 ± 8.5	0.426
NYHA III–IV	26 (86.7%)	52 (86.7%)	>0.999	15 (88.2%)	25 (80.6%)	0.694	11 (84.6%)	25 (92.6%)	0.584
STS score, %	6.2 ± 0.9	5.7 ± 1.0	0.025	6.0 ± 0.8	5.5 ± 0.9	0.048	6.3 ± 1.0	5.7 ± 1.2	0.125
Chronic heart failure	5 (16.7%)	22 (36.7%)	0.056	4 (23.5%)	6 (19.4%)	0.727	1 (7.7%)	14 (51.9%)	0.013
Cerebral vascular disease	1 (3.3%)	5 (8.3%)	0.659	1 (5.9%)	1 (3.2%)	>0.999	0 (0.0%)	4 (14.8%)	0.284
Mean transaortic pressure gradient, mmHg	65.1 ± 20.7	63.4 ± 20.4	0.711	54.1 ± 10.7	60.5 ± 21.1	0.176	79.4 ± 22.2	68.0 ± 19.3	0.127
Aortic valve area, cm2	0.66 ± 0.18	0.60 ± 0.17	0.119	0.74 ± 0.17	0.63 ± 0.18	0.042	0.56 ± 0.15	0.57 ± 0.16	0.827
Bicuspid aortic valve (MSCT)	13 (43.3%)	27 (46.6%)	0.824	-	-	-	13 (100.0%)	27 (100.0%)	>0.999
Procedural time, min	208.7 ± 76.8	182.3 ± 46.8	0.092	207.4 ± 64.8	184.2 ± 41.3	0.196	210.4 ± 93.0	180.9 ± 54.5	0.306
Fluoroscopy time, min	33.4 ± 11.0	28.9 ± 12.2	0.081	32.2 ± 10.4	27.5 ± 11.1	0.154	35.1 ± 11.9	31.0 ± 13.5	0.340
Device success	28 (93.3%)	58 (96.7%)	0.598	17 (100.0%)	30 (96.8%)	>0.999	11 (84.6%)	26 (96.3%)	0.242
30-day all-cause mortality	1 (3.4%)	1 (1.7%)	>0.999	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	–	1 (8.3%)	1 (3.7%)	0.526
1-year all-cause mortality	2 (6.9%)	2 (4.8%)	>0.999	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	–	2 (16.7%)	2 (11.8%)	>0.999

Summary statistics are presented as n (%).

TAV, transcatheter aortic valve; BAV, bicuspid aortic valve.