Table 4.
Iron and Copper-targeting agents
| Role | Type | Agent |
|---|---|---|
| Iron supplementation | Iron ionophore | Dithiocarbamates (DTCs), Thiosemicarbazones (TSCs), Hydroxyquinolines (HQs), Hydroxyflavones (HFs) [153] , Sulfasalazine [154], |
| Iron oxide nanoparticles | Sorafenib [155], Withaferin A [156] ,FePt-NP2 [157], C′ dots [158], IKE nanoparticles [159], Artesunate [160] | |
| Iron chaperones conjugated agents | MPTC-63 [146], H-ferritin (HFn) [149] | |
| Natural compounds | Curcumin (Cur) [150, 151]. | |
| Iron depletion | Iron chelators | Dexrazoxane [161], Ciclopirox [162], DFX [163], DFP [164], Deferitazole [165], Dp44mT, DFO [166], Triapine [167], Super-polyphenols 6 and 10 [168], |
| Copper supplementation | Copper ionophore | 8-hydroxyquinoline [169] ,Elesclomol [170], Disulfiram [171], and NSC319726 [5] ,Clioquinol |
| Copper nanoparticles | DSF@PVP/Cu-HMPB [172], Copper-cysteamine nanoparticles [173] | |
| Natural compounds | Anthocyanidins [174] | |
| Copper depletion | Copper chelators | Tetrathiomolybdate [175], Penicillamine [176], Trientine [177], ATN-224 [152], Triethylenetetramine [178], EDTA [179], Trientine dihydrochloride [180] |
| Natural antidotes | Turmeric [181], Chalkophomycin [182] | |
| Inhibitor of copper chaperones | DCAC50 [147] |