TABLE 2.
Characteristics of the WBVE protocols and results on body composition parameters.
| Study | Aim | Weeks | Control group | Evaluation device | Assessment time | Body composition parameter | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bogaerts et al. (2007) | Measure the changes muscle mass in men between 60 and 80 years after 1 year of WBVE training | 47 | CG was repeatedly advised not to change lifestyle or physical activity during the project | CT | Evaluated at baseline and after 12 months. | Muscle mass of the upper leg | WBV training is as efficient as a fitness program to increase muscle mass of the upper leg |
| Machado et al. (2010) | Measure the changes in muscle mass tissue with 10 weeks of WBVE in older women | 10 | were requested not to change their lifestyle during the study or to engage in any new type of physical activity | CT | Baseline data (pretest) were collected during two testing sessions separated by 4 days; similar testing sessions were repeated 10 weeks after (post-test) the training/control period | Muscle cross-sectional area | Thigh muscle cross-sectional area increased significantly after training in VM (8.7%) and BF (15.5%) |
| Von Stengel et al. (2012) | Verify if vibration stimulus enhances the effect on neuromuscular performance and on body composition | 72 | performed a light physical exercise and relaxation program once a week in blocks of 10 weeks with breaks of 10 weeks between the blocks. Low-intensity, low-volume | DXA | Baseline (pre) and after 18 months | Body fat (%) | In the TG lean body mass, total body fat, and abdominal fat were favorably affected, but no additive effects were generated by the vibration stimulus |
| Abdominal fat mass (kg) | |||||||
| Lean body mass (kg) | |||||||
| Gómez-Cabello et al. (2013) | Clarify whether a short-term WBVE training has an effect on Lean mass in elderly men and women | 11 | not participate in any training and were asked not to change the lifestyle during the project | DXA | Baseline (pre-) before the 11 weeks of intervention and reassessed after the last session | Lean mass (Kg) | A short-term WBVE therapy is not enough to cause significant changes on LM |
| Gómez-Cabello et al. (2016) | Tests WBVE intervention has any effect on total and regional FM in men and women over the age of 65 | 11 | did not participant in any training | DXA | Basiline and after 11 weeks of intervention | FM total (kg) | WBVE therapy was not an effective method for reduced fat mass in older adults |
| FM trunk (kg) | |||||||
| FM upper limbs (kg) | |||||||
| FM lower limbs (kg) | |||||||
| Camacho-Cardenosa et al. (2018) | Assess the predictive power of data-driven genetic predisposition scores on baseline muscular phenotypes and muscle adaptations to exercise in a healthy elderly population | 11 | instructed to continue with their normal daily activities for the duration of the study | DXA | At baseline (pre-) previous to the 18 weeks of intervention and reassessed 7 days after the last session | Whole body lean mass (%) | There were no significant differences between groups on body composition parameters |
| Trunk lean mass (%) | |||||||
| Right leg lean mass (%) | |||||||
| He et al. (2018) | Identify if WBVE training combined with exposure to norm baric cyclic hypoxia could cause higher increases in the strength parameters and muscle mass of elderly people | 47 | The CG was repeatedly advised not to change lifestyle or physical activity during the project | BIA | Evaluated at baseline and after 12 months | Whole-body skeletal muscle mass (kg) | showed a significant increase in skeletal muscle mass (kg) in both WBVE and control groups |
| Jo et al. (2021) | Verify the efficacy and safety of WBVE in improving muscle strength and physical performance before resistance exercise in older adults | 4 | Performed stretching (20 min), followed by the strength exercises (20 min) after a 10-min break | BIA | At baseline, post treatment and 4-week follow-up evaluation | Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | showed a significant decrease in skeletal muscle mass (kg) only in the control group |
| body fat mass (kg) |
WBVE, whole-body vibration exercises; kg, kilogram; s, seconds; VP, vibrating platform; %, percentage; CT, computed tomography; BIA, bioelectrical impedance analysis; VM, vastus medialis; BF, biceps femoris; LM, lean mass; FM, fat mass.