TABLE A3.

Immunobiosensing at a glance.

Authors	Biorecognition	Analyte	Linear range	Limit of detection	Notes	Refs.
Photoluminescent and colorimetric biosensors
Zhao et al.	Mouse IgG	Human IgG	0.2–12 μg/mL	10 ng/mL	Universal System	[204]
Bhatnagar et al.	Antibody	Cardiac Troponin I	1 pg/mL–1 μg/mL	192 fg/mL	On/Off Sensor	[205]
Tan et al.	Antibody	Cardiac Troponin I	1 pg/mL–1 ng/mL	0.31 pg/mL	Sandwich, On/Off Sensor	[206]
Electrochemical biosensors
Wang et al.	Antibody	Avian Leukosis Virus J	102.08−104.50 TCID50/mL	115 TCID50/mL	Sandwich, Amperometric	[207]
Tuteja et al.	Antibody	Myoglobin	0.01–100 ng/mL	10 pg/mL	Impedimetric	[208]
Mehta et al.	Antibody	Parathion	0.01 ng/L–1 mg/L	46 pg/L	Impedimetric	[209]
Yang et al.	Antibody	Carcinoembryonic Antigen	5 fg/mL–50 ng/mL	2 fg/mL	Amperometric	[210]
Malekzad	Antibody	Prostate Specific Antigen	2–9 pg/mL	1.8 pg/mL	Amperometric	[211]
Mollarasouli et al.	Antibody	Tyrosine Kinase	1.7–1000 pg/mL	0.5 pg/mL	Amperometric	[212]
Serafin et al.	Antibody	IL-13	2.7–100 ng/mL	0.8 ng/mL	Amperometric	[213]
Electrochemiluminescent biosensors
Yang et al.	Antibody	l-Cysteine	0.002–70 U/mL	0.96 mU/mL	Sandwich, ECL Turn On	[214]
Zhou et al.	Antibody	α-Fetoprotein	0.01–100 ng/mL	3.3 pg/mL	Sandwich, ECL Turn Off	[215]
Zhang et al.	Antibody	α-Fetoprotein	0.005–100 ng/mL	1.2 pg/mL	Paper, Sandwich, ECL Turn On	[216]
Nie et al.	Antibody	Carcinoembryonic Antigen	0.1 pg/mL–10 ng/mL	3.78 pg/mL	Sandwich, ECL Turn On	[217]
Zhang et al.	Antibody	8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine	0–200 ng/mL	85 pg/mL	ECL Turn Off	[218]
Wu et al.	Antibody	Prostate Specific Antigen	1 pg/mL–10 ng/mL	0.29 pg/mL	ECL Turn Off	[219]
Dong et al.	Antibody	Carcinoembryonic Antigen	0.02–80 ng/mL	0.01 ng/mL	ECL Turn Off	[220]
Photoelectrochemical biosensors
Tian et al.	Antibody	Microcystin-LR	0.1–10 μg/mL	55 ng/mL	PEC Turn Off	[221]
Lin et al.	Antibody	Aflatoxin	0.01–20 ng/mL	2.1 pg/mL	Competitive PEC Turn On	[222]
Lv et al.	Antibody	Prostate Specific Antigen	0.02–100 ng/mL	5 pg/mL	PEC Turn Off	[223]
Gong et al.	Antibody	Carcinoembryonic Antigen	0.01 pg/mL–30 ng/mL	7 fg/mL	PEC Turn On	[224]