Table 2.
Summary of autonomic features captured as part of ACR. Cells represent summed totals of documented symptoms for each group and proportions of each group (%) in which symptoms were documented.
| NPD | ASD | HC | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=210 | n=156 | n=197 | |||||
|
| |||||||
| Symptom | TOTAL | % of n | TOTAL | % of n | TOTAL | % of n | |
| Section I. Mood, Behavior, and Emotion (MBE) | Inattentiveness | 160 | 76.19% | 124 | 79.49% | 19 | 9.64% |
| Hyperactivity or Impulsivity | 170 | 80.95% | 134 | 85.90% | 22 | 11.17% | |
| Mood | 92 | 43.81% | 90 | 57.69% | 8 | 4.06% | |
| Tantrums or Aggression | 149 | 70.95% | 132 | 84.62% | 16 | 8.12% | |
| Anxiety, Unusual fears or phobias | 107 | 50.95% | 79 | 50.64% | 28 | 14.21% | |
| OCD | 80 | 38.10% | 72 | 46.15% | 1 | 0.51% | |
| Repetitive behaviors | 90 | 42.86% | 132 | 84.62% | 1 | 0.51% | |
| Social impairment | 103 | 49.05% | 145 | 92.95% | 4 | 2.03% | |
|
| |||||||
| Total | 951 | 56.61% | 908 | 72.76% | 99 | 6.28% | |
|
| |||||||
| Section II. Secretomotor/Sensory Integration (SS) | Photoresponse/Photosensitivity | 5 | 2.38% | 2 | 1.28% | 1 | 0.51% |
| Hyperactive Secretomotor | 48 | 22.86% | 14 | 8.97% | 1 | 0.51% | |
| Hypoactive Secretomotor | 1 | 0.48% | 0 | 0.00% | 2 | 1.02% | |
| Dermatologic Symptoms | 94 | 44.76% | 48 | 30.77% | 54 | 27.41% | |
| Hypoalgesia | 11 | 5.24% | 10 | 6.41% | 1 | 0.51% | |
| Self-injury | 71 | 33.81% | 61 | 39.1% | 3 | 1.52% | |
| Sensory Processing | 114 | 54.29% | 83 | 53.21% | 4 | 2.03% | |
| Vestibular Symptoms | 22 | 10.48% | 3 | 1.92% | 1 | 0.51% | |
|
| |||||||
| Total | 366 | 21.79% | 221 | 17.71% | 67 | 4.25% | |
|
| |||||||
| Section III. Urinary/Gastrointestinal Systems (UG) | Diapering/Toilet Training | 157 | 74.76% | 129 | 82.69% | 41 | 20.81% |
| Frequent urination | 8 | 3.81% | 5 | 3.21% | 2 | 1.02% | |
| Atypical urinary related behaviors | 17 | 8.10% | 7 | 4.49% | 4 | 2.03% | |
| Atypical bowel related behaviors | 28 | 13.33% | 24 | 15.38% | 3 | 1.52% | |
| Constipation | 126 | 60.00% | 61 | 39.10% | 48 | 24.37% | |
| Diarrhea or loose stool | 45 | 21.43% | 17 | 10.90% | 7 | 3.55% | |
| Reflux | 83 | 39.52% | 26 | 16.67% | 38 | 19.29% | |
| Bloating/Distension | 31 | 14.76% | 6 | 3.85% | 1 | 0.51% | |
| Vomit/Nausea | 60 | 28.57% | 20 | 12.82% | 5 | 2.54% | |
| Growth/Weight | 49 | 23.33% | 27 | 17.31% | 3 | 1.52% | |
| Abnormal Feeding | 99 | 47.14% | 28 | 17.95% | 3 | 1.52% | |
| Swallowing/Chewing | 50 | 23.81% | 15 | 9.62% | 3 | 1.52% | |
| Sucking | 40 | 19.05% | 11 | 7.05% | 3 | 1.52% | |
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| |||||||
| Total | 793 | 29.05% | 376 | 18.54% | 161 | 6.29% | |
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| Section IV. Circulation, Thermoregulatio n, Sleep Patterns, and Breathing (CTSB) | Pulmonary Function | 57 | 27.14% | 27 | 17.31% | 50 | 25.38% |
| Fatigue | 42 | 20.00% | 13 | 8.33% | 5 | 2.54% | |
| Syncope/Pre-syncope or fainting | 8 | 3.81% | 1 | 0.64% | 4 | 2.03% | |
| Apnea | 76 | 36.19% | 45 | 28.85% | 29 | 14.72% | |
| Orthostatic function | 1 | 0.48% | 0 | 0.00% | 1 | 0.51% | |
| Sinus Arrhythmia | 9 | 4.29% | 4 | 2.56% | 3 | 1.52% | |
| Tachycardia | 55 | 26.19% | 10 | 6.41% | 3 | 1.52% | |
| Motion sickness | 3 | 1.43% | 2 | 1.28% | 9 | 4.57% | |
| Skin/Complexion | 22 | 10.48% | 5 | 3.21% | 4 | 2.03% | |
| Edema | 8 | 3.81% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | |
| Abnormal body temperature | 4 | 1.90% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | |
| Circulation | 5 | 2.38% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | |
| Difficulty falling asleep | 100 | 47.62% | 86 | 55.13% | 21 | 10.66% | |
| Difficulty staying asleep | 102 | 48.57% | 71 | 45.51% | 13 | 6.60% | |
| Difficulty staying awake or waking | 39 | 18.57% | 9 | 5.77% | 4 | 2.03% | |
| Parasomnia | 36 | 17.14% | 12 | 7.69% | 11 | 5.58% | |
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| |||||||
| Total | 567 | 16.88% | 285 | 11.42% | 157 | 4.98% | |