Table 5. Odds ratios, confidence intervals, and approximate p-values from (Model 1) the proportional odds model relating covariates to self-described knowledge levels about PFAS; (Model 2) the logistic regression model relating covariates with awareness of drinking water contamination from PFAS; and (Model 3) the proportional odds model relating covariates with levels of concerns about PFAS in drinking water.
| Model 1: Knowledge level of PFAS | Model 2: Knowledge of drinking water contamination | Model 3: Level of concern about PFAS | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | OR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value | OR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value | OR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value |
| Sex/Gender | |||||||||
| Male | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| Female | 0.99 | 0.76, 1.29 | >0.9 | 0.66 | 0.25, 1.75 | 0.4 | 1.08 | 0.84, 1.38 | 0.5 |
| Other | 0.88 | 0.19, 3.38 | 0.8 | 0.00 | 0.00, 0.00 | <0.001 | 0.67 | 0.26, 1.77 | 0.4 |
| Age | |||||||||
| 18:24 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| 25:34 | 1.38 | 0.87, 2.18 | 0.2 | 1.30 | 0.12, 14.0 | 0.8 | 0.93 | 0.63, 1.39 | 0.7 |
| 35:44 | 1.63* | 1.03, 2.59 | 0.039 | 0.72 | 0.07, 7.45 | 0.8 | 1.21 | 0.80, 1.82 | 0.4 |
| 45:54 | 1.03 | 0.64, 1.67 | 0.9 | 1.64 | 0.13, 21.2 | 0.7 | 1.30 | 0.86, 1.96 | 0.2 |
| 55:64 | 1.09 | 0.66, 1.80 | 0.7 | 4.47 | 0.29, 69.7 | 0.3 | 0.80 | 0.50, 1.28 | 0.3 |
| 65+ | 0.94 | 0.57, 1.57 | 0.8 | 0.80 | 0.06, 10.1 | 0.9 | 0.74 | 0.47, 1.16 | 0.2 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||||||
| White | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| Non-white | 0.95 | 0.71, 1.27 | 0.7 | 0.58 | 0.19, 1.72 | 0.3 | 1.04 | 0.78, 1.39 | 0.8 |
| Education | |||||||||
| Some high school | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| High school/GED | 0.65 | 0.34, 1.23 | 0.2 | 0.74 | 0.05, 10.7 | 0.8 | 0.67 | 0.34, 1.30 | 0.2 |
| Associate’s degree | 0.89 | 0.46, 1.76 | 0.7 | 0.90 | 0.05, 15.0 | >0.9 | 0.54 | 0.27, 1.09 | 0.084 |
| Bachelor’s degree | 0.98 | 0.50, 1.92 | >0.9 | 1.46 | 0.13, 17.1 | 0.8 | 0.67 | 0.34, 1.35 | 0.3 |
| Master’s degree | 1.04 | 0.51, 2.12 | >0.9 | 1.54 | 0.14, 16.5 | 0.7 | 1.01 | 0.49, 2.08 | >0.9 |
| Doctorate or terminal degree | 1.38 | 0.57, 3.32 | 0.6 | 1.61 | 0.08, 34.2 | 0.8 | 1.05 | 0.39, 2.84 | >0.9 |
| Other | 1.56 | 0.61, 3.94 | 0.4 | 2.20 | 0.15, 31.3 | 0.6 | 0.93 | 0.39, 2.20 | 0.9 |
| Community PFAS Exposure | |||||||||
| Yes | — | — | — | — | |||||
| No | 0.28*** | 0.19, 0.41 | <0.001 | 0.01*** | 0.00, 0.09 | <0.001 | |||
| Not Sure | 0.23*** | 0.16, 0.35 | <0.001 | 0.12** | 0.03, 0.49 | 0.003 | |||
| Drinking Water Source | |||||||||
| Unfiltered tap water | — | — | — | — | |||||
| Filtered tap water | 0.28* | 0.10, 0.79 | 0.016 | 1.28 | 0.95, 1.73 | 0.10 | |||
| Bottled/prepackaged water | 0.44 | 0.17, 1.19 | 0.11 | 1.44* | 1.05, 1.99 | 0.025 | |||
| Other | 0.00*** | 0.00, 0.00 | <0.001 | 1.73 | 0.69, 4.34 | 0.2 | |||
| Drinking Contaminated by PFAS | |||||||||
| No | — | — | |||||||
| Yes | 4.27 | 2.20, 8.31 | <0.001 | ||||||
1 OR = Odds Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval.
*p<0.05
**p<0.01
***p<0.001.