TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics of the study population by PCC a
| Characteristic | Overall, N = 882 | Non-PCC, n = 590 | PCC, n = 292 | P b value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (%) | ||||
| 18–29 | 162 (18.4) | 134 (22.7) | 28 (9.6) | <0.001 |
| 30–49 | 421 (47.7) | 274 (46.4) | 147 (50.3) | |
| 50–64 | 247 (28.0) | 156 (26.4) | 91 (31.2) | |
| ≥65 | 52 (5.9) | 26 (4.4) | 26 (8.9) | |
| Sex (%) | ||||
| Female | 506 (57.4) | 301 (51.0) | 205 (70.2) | <0.001 |
| Male | 376 (42.6) | 289 (49.0) | 87 (29.8) | |
| Race (%) | ||||
| Asian | 28 (3.2) | 24 (4.1) | 4 (1.4) | 0.061 |
| Black | 116 (13.2) | 74 (12.5) | 42 (14.4) | |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 15 (1.7) | 11 (1.9) | 4 (1.4) | |
| White | 706 (80.0) | 466 (79.0) | 240 (82.2) | |
| Mixed/other | 17 (1.9) | 15 (2.5) | 2 (0.7) | |
| Ethnicity (%) | ||||
| Hispanic/Latino | 109 (12.4) | 66 (11.2) | 43 (14.7) | 0.163 |
| Non-Hispanic/Latino | 773 (87.6) | 524 (88.8) | 249 (85.3) | |
| BMI (%) | ||||
| <30 | 522 (59.2) | 365 (61.9) | 157 (53.8) | 0.042 |
| 30–34.9 | 179 (20.3) | 119 (20.2) | 60 (20.5) | |
| ≥35 | 141 (16.0) | 81 (13.7) | 60 (20.5) | |
| Missing | 40 (4.5) | 25 (4.2) | 15 (5.1) | |
| Hypertension (%) | ||||
| No | 675 (76.5) | 461 (78.1) | 214 (73.3) | 0.130 |
| Yes | 207 (23.5) | 129 (21.9) | 78 (26.7) | |
| Diabetes (%) | ||||
| No | 810 (91.8) | 550 (93.2) | 260 (89.0) | 0.045 |
| Yes | 72 (8.2) | 40 (6.8) | 32 (11.0) | |
| Anxiety (%) | ||||
| No | 822 (93.2) | 557 (94.4) | 265 (90.8) | 0.059 |
| Yes | 60 (6.8) | 33 (5.6) | 27 (9.2) | |
| Vaccine status (%) | ||||
| Unvaccinated | 688 (78.0) | 454 (76.9) | 234 (80.1) | 0.488 |
| Partially | 55 (6.2) | 37 (6.3) | 18 (6.2) | |
| Fully | 139 (15.8) | 99 (16.8) | 40 (13.7) | |
| Baseline C-reactive protein (%) | ||||
| Normal (≤1.0 mg/dL) | 662 (75.1) | 452 (76.6) | 210 (71.9) | 0.086 |
| Abnormal (>1.0 mg/dL) | 216 (24.5) | 137 (23.2) | 79 (27.1) | |
| Missing | 4 (0.5) | 1 (0.2) | 3 (1.0) | |
| Treatment group (%) | ||||
| Control ≤5 days since symptom onset | 195 (22.1) | 131 (22.2) | 64 (21.9) | 0.244 |
| CCP ≤5 days since symptom onset | 197 (22.3) | 143 (24.2) | 54 (18.5) | |
| Control >5 days since symptom onset | 242 (27.4) | 156 (26.4) | 86 (29.5) | |
| CCP >5 days since symptom onset | 248 (28.1) | 160 (27.1) | 88 (30.1) | |
| COVID-19 wave (%) | ||||
| Pre-Alpha/Alpha | 704 (79.8) | 462 (78.3) | 242 (82.9) | 0.133 |
| Delta | 178 (20.2) | 128 (21.7) | 50 (17.1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 viral load, geometric mean copies (95% CI) | 7,248 (5,909, 8,889) | 7,208 (5,613, 9,256) | 7,329 (5,136, 10,457) | 0.943 |
a
PCC, post-COVID-19 condition.
b
P values for all variables except race and SARS-CoV-2 viral load were calculated using two-tail χ2 test. Two-tail Fisher’s exact test was used for race due to small cell numbers, and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for the continuous variable SARS-CoV-2 viral load. P values <0.05 are in bold.