Table 3.
Factors associated with low HCQ and DHCQ concentrations
| Variables | OR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCQ | |||
| Gender (female) | 0.23 | 0.07–0.75 | 0.015 |
| Age | 0.96 | 0.94–0.98 | < 0.001 |
| Weight | 1.04 | 1.01–1.06 | 0.013 |
| Duration | 0.92 | 0.89–0.95 | < 0.001 |
| SLEDAI | 1.41 | 1.19–1.67 | < 0.001 |
| Platelet | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | < 0.001 |
| RBC | 1.15 | 0.71 -1.84 | 0.575 |
| Complement C3 | 0.56 | 0.11–2.74 | 0.472 |
| Complement C4 | 0.07 | 0.00–9.55 | 0.287 |
| IgG | 1.07 | 1.01–1.12 | 0.014 |
| DHCQ | |||
| Gender (female) | 0.20 | 0.06–0.64 | 0.006 |
| Duration | 0.95 | 0.92–0.97 | < 0.001 |
| SLEDAI | 1.27 | 1.07–1.51 | 0.007 |
| Platelet | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | < 0.001 |
| ALT | 1.01 | 1.00–1.03 | 0.146 |
| Albumin | 1.05 | 0.98–1.12 | 0.187 |
| BUN | 1.01 | 0.89–1.15 | 0.857 |
| CR | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.158 |
| eGFR | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.543 |
| CRP | 0.98 | 0.95–1.00 | 0.072 |
| Complement C4 | 0.04 | 0.00–2.35 | 0.122 |
| IgG | 1.02 | 0.97–1.08 | 0.418 |
Significant P values are in bold
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, HCQ hydroxychloroquine, DHCQ desethylhydroxychloroquine, Duration duration of HCQ use, SLEDAI systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index, RBC red blood cell, IgG immunoglobulin G, ALT alanine transaminase, BUN blood urea nitrogen, CR creatinine, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CRP C-reactive protein