Table 3.
Maternal pregnancy outcomes
| Maternal outcomes | pSS | Healthy controls with ART (n = 96) | P value# | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ART (n = 24) | Natural planned pregnancy (n = 70) | |||
| GDM, n (%) | 3 (12.5) | 8 (11.4) | 10 (10.4) | > 0.99 |
| Gestational hypertension, n (%) | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.13 |
| Pre-eclampsia, n (%) | 1 (4.2) | 6 (8.6) | 1 (1.0) | 0.04 |
| Eclampsia, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0.50 |
| Placental abruption, n (%) | 6 (25.0) | 16 (22.9) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| Placenta previa, n (%) | 2 (8.3) | 3 (4.3) | 4 (4.2) | 0.79 |
| Fetal loss, n (%) | 2 (8.3) | 8 (11.4) | 10 (10.4) | 0.95 |
| Disease flares, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.9) | – | 0.62* |
| Cesarean section, n (%) | 14 (58.3) | 39 (55.7) | 56 (58.3) | 0.94 |
| Premature delivery, n (%) | 11 (45.8) | 14 (20.0) | 7 (7.3) | < 0.001 |
| Postpartum hemorrhage, n (%) | 1 (4.2) | 1 (1.4) | 3 (3.1) | 0.87 |
ART assisted reproductive therapy, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, pSS primary Sjögren’s syndrome
*Comparison between ART and natural planned pregnancy in pSS
#Comparison among three groups