Table 3.

CNS neurotoxicity induced by antibiotics

Sr. no.	Class of antibiotics	Antibiotics	Complications	References
1	Aminoglycosides	Gentamicin	Peripheral neuropathy and encephalopathy Lesions in the pons and mesencephalon	Watanabe et al. (1978)
2	Aminoglycosides	Amikacin, tobramycin, neomycin, kanamycin	Needle muscular and autonomic transmission blockade	–
3	Cephalosporin	Cefazolin, cefuroxin, ceftazidime, cefepime	Non-convulsive status epilepticus Truncal asterixis Renal failure Myoclonus	Grill and Maganti (2008)
4	Penicillin	Piperacillin	Tardive seizures Tonic–clonic seizures
		Ampicillin	Low birth-weight neonates Renal immaturity Neonatal seizure without clinical manifestations
5	Carbapenem	Luripenem	Renal insufficiency	Lamoth et al. (2009)
6	Tetracyclines	–	Cranial nerve toxicity Neuromuscular blockade	Thomas (1994)
7	Macrolides	–	Ototoxicity with damage to the cochlea Hearing impairment	–
8	Quinolones	–	Myoclonus, toxic psychosis Oro-facial dyskinesias Acute delirium with psychotic features	Kiangkitiwan et al. (2008)
9	Vancomycin	–	Ventriculitis CSF-pleocytosis Eosinophilia	–