. 2023 Nov 2;11:e50983. doi: 10.2196/50983

Table 3.

Epoch-by-epoch agreement: classification for detecting individual sleep stage.

Variable			Wake stage^a							Light stage^a							Deep stage^a							REM^b stage^a
			F1		Sensitivity		Specificity		F1			Sensitivity		Specificity		F1			Sensitivity		Specificity		F1			Sensitivity		Specificity
Airable
	SleepRoutine (n=67)^c	0.7065^d		0.7246^d		0.9269		0.7436^d			0.7054		0.7665^d		0.5355			0.6712		0.8973		0.7596^d			0.7394		0.9609^d
	SleepScore (n=38)	0.4057		0.3665		0.8696		0.5147			0.4355		0.7272		0.3574			0.5247		0.8264		0.3418			0.4587		0.7895
	Pillow (n=74)	0.2828		0.1934		0.9572		0.3409			0.2490		0.7534		0.2673			0.8594^d		0.4449		0.1440			0.1140		0.9126
Nearable
	Withings Sleep Tracking Mat (n=75)	0.4419		0.4172		0.8854		0.5764			0.5328		0.6336		0.3800			0.5633		0.8270		0.4001			0.3964		0.8906
	Google Nest Hub 2 (n=33)	0.3296		0.3068		0.8649		0.5619			0.5772		0.4518		0.1245			0.1308		0.8883		0.1876			0.1805		0.8514
	Amazon Halo Rise (n=28)	0.5967		0.6612		0.8921		0.7142			0.6609		0.7484		0.4575			0.5467		0.9018		0.7283			0.7490^d		0.9401
Wearable
	Google Pixel Watch (n=30)	0.3456		0.2277		0.9784^d		0.7150			0.7657		0.5620		0.5922^d			0.6937		0.9290		0.6146			0.6548		0.9029
	Galaxy Watch 5 (n=22)	0.4755		0.4814		0.9104		0.7346			0.7280		0.6412		0.4963			0.4752		0.9481^d		0.5982			0.6265		0.9058
	Fitbit Sense 2 (n=26)	0.3807		0.2714		0.9602		0.7262			0.7734^d		0.5727		0.5564			0.6710		0.9247		0.6623			0.6812		0.9297
	Apple Watch 8 (n=26)	0.5493		0.4481		0.9624		0.6680			0.6649		0.5737		0.3073			0.4130		0.8412		0.4394			0.4276		0.9070
	Oura Ring 3 (n=53)	0.4527		0.3822		0.9264		0.5953			0.5072		0.7630		0.4272			0.7784		0.7974		0.5993			0.7118		0.8716

^aIndividual sleep stage classification was used to categorize each class and the remaining classes.

^bREM: rapid eye movement.

^cThe number in parenthesis indicates the number of participants tested with each device.

^dTop-performing consumer sleep tracker.