Table 2.
Baseline patient characteristics and clinical presentation
| All patients (n = 250) | Appropriate precautionsa (n = 57) | Inappropriate precautionsb (n = 193) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 117 (46.8) | 25 (43.9) | 92 (47.7) | 0.613 |
| Age, median [IQR] | 61 [43,71] | 69 [60,75] | 58 [38,69] | <0.001 |
| Charlson score, median [IQR] | 2 [1,3] | 4 [3,7] | 3 [1,5] | <0.001 |
| Immunosuppressedc, n (%) | 15 (6.0) | 8 (14.0) | 7 (3.6) | 0.004 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 128 (51.2) | 22 (38.6) | 106 (54.9) | 0.030 |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 159 (63.6) | 39 (68.4) | 120 (62.2) | 0.389 |
| Recent resp tract infectiond, n (%) | 21 (8.4) | 6 (10.5) | 15 (7.8) | 0.510 |
| Recent admissiond, n (%) | 25 (10.0) | 5 (8.8) | 20 (10.4) | 0.725 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| Febrile, n (%) | 45 (18.0) | 13 (22.8) | 32 (16.6) | 0.282 |
| Tachypneic, n (%) | 172 (68.8) | 41 (71.9) | 131 (67.9) | 0.562 |
| Tachycardic, n (%) | 179 (71.6) | 43 (75.4) | 136 (70.5) | 0.465 |
| Leukocytosis, n (%) | 41 (16.4) | 12 (21.1) | 29 (16.4) | 0.420 |
| SIRS criteria met, n (%) | 155 (62.0) | 40 (70.2) | 115 (59.6) | 0.148 |
| Symptoms greater than 7 days, n (%) | 24 (9.6) | 5 (8.8) | 19 (9.8) | 0.809 |
| Cough, n (%) | 218 (87.2) | 49 (86.0) | 169 (87.6) | 0.751 |
| Acute shortness of breath, n (%) | 198 (79.2) | 48 (84.2) | 150 (77.7) | 0.289 |
| Purulent sputum, n (%) | 52 (20.8) | 18 (31.6) | 34 (17.6) | 0.022 |
| Pleuritic chest pain, n (%) | 66 (26.4) | 11 (19.3) | 55 (28.5) | 0.166 |
| Hemoptysis, n (%) | 8 (3.2) | 2 (3.5) | 6 (3.1) | 0.880 |
| Multilobar infiltrate on imaging, n (%) | 23 (9.2) | 12 (21.4) | 11 (6.2) | 0.001 |
| Bilateral infiltrate on imaging, n (%) | 38 (15.2) | 13 (23.2) | 25 (14.0) | 0.105 |
| Unilobar infiltrate on imaging, n (%) | 31 (12.4) | 9 (16.1) | 22 (12.4) | 0.475 |
| Pleural effusion on imaging, n (%) | 29 (11.6) | 8 (14.3) | 21 (11.8) | 0.622 |
| Viral pathogen detected | ||||
| Adenovirus, n (%) | 6 (2.4) | 1 (1.8) | 5 (2.6) | – |
| Coronavirus (no SARS-CoV-2), n (%) | 32 (12.8) | 7 (3.6) | 25 (13.0) | – |
| Human Metapneumovirus, n (%) | 36 (14.4) | 14 (24.6) | 22 (11.4) | – |
| Influenza A, n (%) | 34 (13.6) | 8 (14.0) | 26 (13.5) | – |
| Parainfluenza, n (%) | 29 (11.6) | 8 (14.0) | 21 (10.9) | – |
| Rhinovirus, n (%) | 104 (41.6) | 17 (29.8) | 87 (45.1) | – |
| RSV, n (%) | 15 (6.0) | 2 (3.5) | 13 (6.7) | – |
a
Appropriate precautions (droplet +/− contact) within 3 hours of positive respiratory mPCR test.
b
Inappropriate precautions (droplet +/− contact) within 3 hours of positive respiratory mPCR test.
c
Receiving chemotherapy, monoclonal antibody, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, mycophenolate, azathioprine, or corticosteroids equivalent to 20 mg of prednisone ≥28 days or 40 mg of prednisone for ≥14 days.
d
Within 30 days prior to arrival.