Fig. 2.

Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) reduced Aβ levels and deposition in the cortex and hippocampus of APPswe mice. Mice were divided into three groups: non-transgenic mice (NC), AD mice orally administered PBS (APPswe), and AD mice orally administered 30 mg/kg/day C3G in PBS (APPswe_C3G). The levels of soluble and insoluble Aβ isomers (Aβ40 and A42) were observed in both the cortical and hippocampal regions of the mice brains using ELISA (n = 3). Soluble and insoluble Aβ40 in the cortex (A, B); soluble and insoluble Aβ1-40 in the hippocampus (C, D); soluble and insoluble Aβ42 in the cortex (E, F); and soluble and insoluble Aβ42 in the hippocampus (G, H). Data are representative of three independent experiments with similar results. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Bars represent mean ± SE