TABLE 3.
Comparison of the characteristics between adult study participants who tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 and those who tested negative in Ouagadougou and Bobo‐Dioulasso (Burkina Faso, March 2021).
| a: Comparison of the characteristics between adult study participants aged 18+ years old who tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 and those who tested negative in Ouagadougou and Bobo‐Dioulasso (Burkina Faso, March 2021) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Positive (N = 2693) | Negative (N = 1289) | p value a |
| N (%) | N (%) | ||
| City | 0.3815 | ||
| Bobo‐Dioulasso (N = 1291) | 861 (32.0) | 430 (33.4) | |
| Ouagadougou (N = 2691) | 1832 (68.0) | 859 (66.6) | |
| Sex | 0.9144 | ||
| Female (N = 2000) | 1351 (50.2) | 649 (50.4) | |
| Male (N = 1982) | 1342 (49.8) | 640 (49.6) | |
| Age groups | 0.7989 | ||
| <60 years old (N = 2556) | 1725 (64.0) | 831 (64.5) | |
| ≥60 years old (N = 1426) | 968 (36.0) | 458 (35.5) | |
| Education level | 0.6469 | ||
| No school (N = 1303) | 888 (33.0) | 415 (32.2) | |
| Basic literacy (N = 263) | 171 (6.3) | 92 (7.1) | |
| Primary (N = 777) | 518 (19.2) | 259 (20.1) | |
| Secondary (N = 1186) | 799 (29.7) | 387 (30.0) | |
| University (N = 453) | 317 (11.8) | 136 (10.6) | |
| Marital status | 0.0467 | ||
| Single (N = 966) | 689 (25.6) | 277 (21.5) | |
| Living maritally (N = 61) | 39 (1.5) | 22 (1.7) | |
| Married (N = 2364) | 1568 (58.3) | 796 (61.7) | |
| Separated/divorced (N = 36) | 21 (0.8) | 15 (1.2) | |
| Widowed (N = 551) | 372 (13.8) | 179 (13.9) | |
| Profession | 0.0405 | ||
| Civil servant (N = 123) | 76 (2.8) | 47 (3.6) | |
| Private‐sector worker (N = 188) | 138 (5.1) | 50 (3.9) | |
| Tradesman (N = 612) | 413 (15.4) | 199 (15.5) | |
| Volunteer (N = 64) | 41 (1.5) | 23 (1.8) | |
| Student (N = 557) | 401 (15.0) | 156 (12.1) | |
| Homemaker/housewife (N = 1027) | 694 (25.9) | 333 (25.9) | |
| Informal other than trade (N = 447) | 301 (11.2) | 146 (11.3) | |
| Retired (N = 411) | 283 (10.5) | 128 (9.9) | |
| Jobseeker (N = 74) | 42 (1.6) | 32 (2.5) | |
| Invalidity (N = 113) | 72 (2.7) | 41 (3.2) | |
| Other (N = 354) | 222 (8.3) | 132 (10.3) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.1151 | ||
| <18.5 (N = 292) | 182 (6.8) | 110 (8.5) | |
| 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 (N = 2017) | 1360 (50.5) | 657 (51.0) | |
| 25 ≤ BMI < 30 (N = 994) | 674 (25.0) | 320 (24.8) | |
| ≥30 (N = 477) | 477 (17.7) | 202 (15.7) | |
| Tobacco | 0.0413 | ||
| Current smoker (N = 291) | 180 (6.7) | 111 (8.6) | |
| Former smoker (N = 249) | 161 (6.0) | 68 (6.9) | |
| Never smoked (N = 3437) | 2351 (87.3) | 1086 (84.5) | |
| Alcohol | 0.3517 | ||
| No (N = 3398) | 2313 (85.9) | 1085 (84.2) | |
| Yes—misuse (N = 523) | 341 (12.7) | 182 (14.1) | |
| Yes—dependence (N = 61) | 39 (1.4) | 22 (1.7) | |
| Long‐term corticosteroid therapy (>10 days of treatment)? | 0.5898 | ||
| Yes (N = 129) | 90 (3.4) | 39 (3.0) | |
| No (N = 3841) | 2593 (96.6) | 1248 (97.0) | |
| Symptoms | 0.6028 | ||
| Yes (N = 2405) | 1634 (60.7) | 771 (59.8) | |
| No (N = 1577) | 1059 (39.3) | 518 (40.2) | |
| b: Comparison of the characteristics between young study participants aged 10–18 years old who tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 and those who tested negative in Ouagadougou and Bobo‐Dioulasso (Burkina Faso, March 2021) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Positive (N = 860) | Negative (N = 398) | p value a |
| N (%) | N (%) | ||
| City | 0.3928 | ||
| Ouagadougou (N = 849) | 587 (68.3) | 262 (65.8) | |
| Bobo‐Dioulasso (N = 409) | 273 (31.7) | 136 (34.2) | |
| Sex | 0.0602 | ||
| Female (N = 710) | 470 (54.6) | 240 (60.3) | |
| Male (N = 548) | 390 (45.4) | 158 (39.7) | |
| Age | <0.0001 | ||
| 10–14 years (N = 631) | 395 (45.9) | 236 (59.3) | |
| 15–18 years (N = 627) | 465 (54.1) | 162 (40.7) | |
| Education level | 0.0006 | ||
| No school (N = 79) | 44 (5.3) | 35 (9.3) | |
| Basic literacy (N = 22) | 17 (2.1) | 5 (1.3) | |
| Junior high school (N = 464) | 298 (35.9) | 166 (44.1) | |
| Senior high school (N = 635) | 465 (56.1) | 170 (45.2) | |
| University (N = 5) | 5 (0.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Unknown | 31 | 22 | |
| Profession | 0.9641 a | ||
| Tradesman (N = 2) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.5) | |
| Student (N = 565) | 360 (94.2) | 205 (94.1) | |
| Homemaker/housewife (N = 9) | 5 (1.3) | 4 (1.8) | |
| Informal other than trade (N = 10) | 6 (1.6) | 4 (1.8) | |
| Invalidity (N = 1) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Other (N = 13) | 9 (2.4) | 4 (1.8) | |
| Unknown | 478 | 180 | |
| Symptoms | 0.4712 | ||
| Yes (N = 365) | 246 (29.0) | 119 (31.1) | |
| No (N = 865) | 601 (71.0) | 264 (68.9) | |
| Unknown | 13 | 15 | |
| Alcohol | 0.5629 a | ||
| No (N = 1245) | 852 (99.1) | 393 (98.7) | |
| Yes—misuse (N = 13) | 8 (0.9) | 5 (1.3) | |
| Tobacco | 0.4472 a | ||
| Current smoker (N = 8) | 7 (0.9) | 1 (0.3) | |
| Never smoked (N = 1194) | 821 (99.1) | 373 (99.7) | |
| Unknown (N = 56) | |||
| Long‐term corticosteroid therapy (>10 days of treatment)? | 1.000 a | ||
| Yes (N = 15) | 11 (1.3) | 4 (1.1) | |
| No (N = 1189) | 818 (98.7) | 371 (98.9) | |
| Unknown | 31 | 23 | |
a
The p value was calculated using chi‐square, Freeman–Halton or Fischer tests.