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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Nov 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Stat Assoc. 2019 Mar 18;114(528):1854–1864. doi: 10.1080/01621459.2018.1527226

Table 4.

Unconditional distribution: the simulation results for the mean difference with continuous endpoints based on 5000 simulations.

κ θ |Bias| ESE SEE ECP θ |Bias| ESE SEE ECP
γ0=0 γ0=1
θˆadj 0 0 0.002 0.253 0.247 0.942 −1 0.002 0.253 0.247 0.942
θˆ 0 0 0.003 0.250 0.249 0.947 −1 0.003 0.250 0.249 0.947
θˆadj 2 0 0.002 0.253 0.247 0.942 −1 0.002 0.253 0.247 0.942
θˆ 2 0 0.009 0.308 0.304 0.944 −1 0.009 0.308 0.304 0.944
θˆadj 4 0 0.002 0.253 0.247 0.942 −1 0.002 0.253 0.247 0.942
θˆ 4 0 0.015 0.435 0.427 0.943 −1 0.015 0.435 0.427 0.943

ESE: empirical standard error; SEE: average standard error estimator; ECP: empirical coverage level of the 95% confidence intervals.