Table 1.

American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) Staging Manual

Primary Tumor (T)
Clinical T (cT)	cT Criteria
T0	No evidence of primary tumor
T1	Clinically inapparent tumor not palpable
T1a	Incidental tumor in < 5% of tissue resected
T1b	Incidental tumor in > 5% of tissue resected
T1c	Tumor identified by needle biopsy found in one or both sides, but not palpable
T2	Tumor is palpable and confined within prostate
T2a	Tumor involves one-half of one side or less
T2b	Tumor involves more than one-half of one side but not both sides
T2c	Tumor involves both sides
T3	Extra-prostatic tumor that is not fixed or does not invade adjacent structures
T3a	Extra-prostatic extension (unilateral or bilateral)
T3b	Tumor invades seminal vesicle(s)
T4	Tumor invades external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic side wall
Tx	Primary tumor cannot be assessed
Pathologic T (pT)	pT Criteria
T2	Organ-confined
T3	Extra-prostatic extension
T3a	Extra-prostatic extension (unilateral or bilateral) or microscopic invasion of bladder neck
T3b	Tumor invades seminal vesicle(s)
T4	Tumor invades external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic side wall
Lymph Nodes (N)	N Criteria
N0	No positive regional lymph nodes
N1	Regional node metastases – including pelvic, hypogastric, obturator, iliac, and/or sacral
Nx	Regional nodes were not assessed
Distant Metastases (M)	M Criteria
M0	No distant metastasis
M1	Distant metastasis
M1a	non-regional lymph nodes (outside true pelvis)
M1b	Bone(s)
M1c	Other site(s) with or without bone disease