Fig. 1. Effects of stress on adolescent behavior.

A Experimental timeline: adolescent rats were stressed via inescapable foot shocks from PND 31 to PND 40. From PND 47 to PND 49, animals were tested in the LDB, SIT, and NOR (n = 18 naïve and 14 stressed). Brain tissue was collected on PND 51. Adolescent stress decreased B time spent in the light zone of the LDB (t₃₀ = 5.53, p < 0.0001), C social interaction time (t₃₀ = 7.86, p < 0.0001), and D the discrimination index in the NOR test (t₃₀ = 7.83, p < 0.0001). E Integrated z-score computed from LDB, SIT, and NOR z-scores and F a heatmap of each behavioral z-score indicates the impact of adolescent stress on behavior. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; unpaired t-test.