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. 2023 Nov 17;14:7470. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43210-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Sum of IL17A/F normalized expression in different cell types of healthy controls (HC, N = 3, 12817 cells), Darier Disease patients (DD, N = 4, 3746 cells) and Psoriasis patients (PSO, N = 3, 11417 cells) skin samples as determined by scRNA-seq analysis. Significance bars represent results of one-tailed student’s T-test of IL17A/F expression between T helper and non-T helper cells within one group (blue p-value for HC, red p-value for DD, beige p-value for PSO), without adjustment for multiple comparisons. b Representative multi-color immunofluorescence (IF) images of tissue micro array sections stained with OPAL technique for IL-23A, CD4 and DAPI in skin samples of DD patients (N = 7), atopic dermatitis patients (AD, N = 3) and PSO (N = 3). CD4 positive T cells are marked in red, IL-23A positive cells are marked in green, DAPI-stained nuclei are marked in blue. Isotype controls are shown in Suppl. Fig. 5. c Quantification of IL-23A positive cells as determined by mean fluorescence intensity of multi-color immunofluorescence stained TMA sections (skin samples: DD (N = 7, red), PSO (N = 3, beige), AD (N = 3, blue)). d Representative multi-color immunofluorescence (IF) images of tissue micro array sections stained with OPAL technique for IL-17A, CD4 and DAPI in skin samples of DD patients (N = 7), atopic dermatitis patients (AD, N = 3) and PSO (N = 3). CD4 positive T cells are marked in red, IL-17A positive cells are marked in green, DAPI-stained nuclei are marked in blue. Isotype controls are shown in Suppl. Fig. 5. e Quantification of IL17A/CD4/DAPI triple-positive cells of multi-color immunofluorescence stained TMA sections (skin samples: DD (N = 7, red), PSO (N = 3, beige), AD (N = 3, blue)). f IL-17A production of live gated human CD3⁺CD4⁺CD45RA^-CLA⁺CD103⁺ circulating skin-resident memory T cells (cT_RM) in the blood of DD patients (red) compared to HC (blue). Flow cytometric analysis of IL-17A upon ex vivo stimulation with PMA/ionomycin and intracellular cytokine staining. p-values were calculated using unpaired, two-tailed student’s t test. Gating strategy is shown in Suppl. Fig. 7.