Table 3.
Linear-mixed effects model results of pulmonary function parameters post-chemotherapy, post-intervention and 1 year post-intervention
| Within-group difference Post-chemotherapy |
Within-group difference Post-intervention |
Within-group difference 1 year post-intervention |
Between-group difference Post-chemotherapy |
Between-group difference Post-intervention |
Between-group difference 1 year post-intervention |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LSM difference (95% CI) | LSM difference (95% CI) | LSM difference (95% CI) | LSM difference (95% CI) | Effect size (– 1 to 1) | LSM difference (95% CI) | Effect size (– 1 to 1) | LSM difference (95% CI) | Effect size (– 1 to 1) | |
| FVC%predicted | |||||||||
| Group A | – 3.6 (– 6.8 to – 0.4) | – 0.9 (– 5.2 to 3.5) | 1.3 (– 3.8 to 6.4) | 4.4 (0.5–8.4) | 0.38# | 1.7 (– 2.3 to 5.7) | 0.14 | 1.6 (– 2.5 to 5.6) | 0.13 |
| Group B | – 8.9 (– 12.1 to – 5.7) | – 3.4 (– 7.8 to 1.0) | – 1.1 (– 6.3 to 4.1) | ||||||
| FEV1%predicted | |||||||||
| Group A | – 3.0 (– 6.6 to 0.6) | – 0.7 (– 5.5 to 4.2) | 0.6 (– 5.0 to 6.2) | 4.2 (– 0.3 to 8.7) | 0.37 | 0.7 (– 3.9 to 5.3) | 0.06 | 0.2 (– 4.4 to 4.8) | 0.02 |
| Group B | – 8.5 (– 12.1 to – 4.9) | – 3.1 (– 8.0 to 1.8) | – 1.4 (– 7.1 to 4.3) | ||||||
| FEV1/FVC | |||||||||
| Group A | 0.5 (– 1.2 to 2.2) | 0.1 (– 2.2 to 2.4) | – 1.0 (– 3.7 to 1.7) | 0.03 (– 2.9 to 3.0) | 0.00 | – 0.3 (– 3.2 to 2.7) | – 0.05 | – 0.6 (– 3.6 to 2.3) | – 0.1 |
| Group B | 0.4 (– 1.3 to 2.1) | 0.3 (– 2.1 to 2.6) | – 0.5 (– 3.2 to 2.3) | ||||||
| DLCO%predicted | |||||||||
| Group A | – 11.2 (– 15.1 to – 7.4) | – 6.1 (– 11.2 to – 1.1) | 1.9 (– 3.8 to 7.6) | 5.7 (0.9–10.4) | 0.54# | 2.2 (– 2.6 to 7.0) | 0.21 | 5.4 (0.7–10.2) | 0.52# |
| Group B | – 16.1 (– 20.0 to – 12.3) | – 7.3 (– 12.4 to – 2.1) | – 2.3 (– 8.1 to 3.6) | ||||||
| KCO%predicted | |||||||||
| Group A | – 10.4 (– 14.6 to – 6.2) | – 5.7 (– 11.3 to – 0.09) | – 3.1 (– 9.6 to 3.4) | 3.7 (– 0.7 to 8.2) | 0.24 | 3.8 (– 0.7 to 8.4) | 0.25 | 6.7 (2.2–11.2) | 0.43# |
| Group B | – 10.9 (– 15.1 to – 6.7) | – 6.2 (– 11.9 to – 0.4) | – 6.3 (– 13.0 to 0.2) | ||||||
group A exercise intervention initiated during chemotherapy, group B exercise intervention initiated after chemotherapy, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume-one second, DLCO carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, KCO carbon monoxide transfer coefficient, LSM least squares mean, SE standard error, 95%CI 95% confidence interval
#Statistically significant (p-value < 0.05), Group A: physical exercise initiated during BEP chemotherapy, Group B: physical exercise initiated after BEP chemotherapy
P-value for mixed model between-group measures comparing changes in group A and B from baseline to post-chemotherapy, post-intervention, 1 year post-intervention, adjusted for baseline value (adjusted baseline values: FVC%predicted: 100.0, FEV1%predicted: 95.4, FEVFVC: 78.2, DLCO%predicted: 89.9, KCO%predicted: 101.0)