Figure 1.

Multiplex PCR detection of C. perfringens toxinotypes in a 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis with specific primers for cpa (324 bp), cpb (196 bp), etx (655 bp), iap (446 bp) and 16s rRNA cluster (279 bp) genes. Lane L: 100 bp DNA ladder (Sinaclon, Iran, Cat. No.: PR911653); Lane 1: C. perfringens type A reference strain (ATCC^®₁₃₁₂₄^TM; 16s rRNA and cpa genes positive); Lane 2: C. perfringens type B reference strain (CN₂₂₈; 16s rRNA, cpa, cpb, and etx genes positive); Lane 3: C. perfringens type C reference strain (CN₃₀₁; 16s rRNA, cpa and cpb genes positive); Lane 4: C. perfringens type D reference strain (CN₄₀₉; 16s rRNA, cpa and etx genes positive); Lanes 5: negative control (dH₂O); Lanes 6-9: C. perfringens type A field isolates; Lanes 10 and 11: C. perfringens type B field isolates; Lanes 12-14: C. perfringens type C field isolates; Lanes 15-17: C. perfringens type D field isolates. The reference strains were received from the bacterial isolate archive of RVSRI-Kerman branch of Iran