Table 1.

List of primers used to toxinotyping C. perfringens isolates

Gene (toxin)	PCR	Primers	Primers Sequence (5'–3')	Amplicon size (bp)	Final primer concentration (µM)	Reference
16s-rRNA cluster	M	CP1-F	AAAGATGGCATCATCATTCAAC	279	0.4	( 15 )
		CP1-R	TACCGTCATTATCTTCCCCAAA
cpa (Alpha)	M	Cpa-F	GCTAATGTTACTGCCGTTGA	324	0.5	( 16 )
		Cpa-R	CCTCTGATACATCGTGTAAG
cpb (Beta)	M	Cpb-F	GCGAATATGCTGAATCATCTA	196	0.6	( 16 )
		Cpb-R	GCAGGAACATTAGTATATCTTC
etx (Epsilon)	M	Etx-F	GCGGTGATATCCATCTATTC	655	0.45	( 16 )
		Etx-R	CCACTTACTTGTCCTACTAAC
iap (Iota)	M	Iap-F	ACTACTCTCAGACAAGACAG	446	0.4	( 16 )
		Iap-R	CTTTCCTTCTATTACTATACG
cpe (CPE)	D/M	Cpe-F	ACAGGTACCTTTAGCCAATC	462	0.55	( 17 ) ( 18 )
		Cpe-R	ACCAGCTGGATTTGAGTTTAATG
netB (NetB)	D	NetB-F	GCTGGTGCTGGAATAAATGC	384	0.4	( 19 )
		NetB-R	TCGCCATTGAGTAGTTTCCC

M: Multiplex PCR set up and optimized for this study; D: Duplex PCR