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. 2023 Jun 16;13(10):1153–1167. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.06.007

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) enhances the protective effect of dioscin against Parkinson's disease (PD). (A) CatWalk print and mean intensity of the corresponding print of mice after dioscin and UDCA treatment on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice (n = 8). The upper panel (green prints in black background) shows the digitized prints, and the lower panel shows walking pattern and individual paws (RF: right front, RH: right hind, LF: left front, and LH: left hind). (B) Mice gait behavior indicators change after dioscin and UDCA treatment on MPTP-induced PD mice, including pole test, traction test, average speed, stands, stride length, swing speeds, and step cycle (n = 8). (C) Western blotting assay of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in mice brain tissues after dioscin and UDCA treatment on MPTP-induced PD mice. (D) Immunohistochemistry assay of TH in mice brain tissues after dioscin and UDCA treatment on MPTP-induced PD mice. (E) Fluorescence semi-quantitative analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium bindingadaptor molecule-1 (IBA-1) expression after dioscin and UDCA treatment on MPTP-induced PD mice. (F) The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH)/glutathione synthase (GSS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mice brain tissues after dioscin and UDCA treatment on MPTP-induced PD mice. (G) The levels of fecal bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity after dioscin and UDCA treatment on MPTP-induced PD mice. All data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (n ≥ 3). ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01 compared with MPTP group.