TABLE I.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients With and Without POAF After Cardiac Surgery
| Patients without POAF (n = 1,089) | Patients with POAF (n = 517) | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 60 (12) | 67 (10) | <.001 |
| Male sex, No. (%) | 753 (69.1) | 368 (71.2) | .44 |
| Black race, No. (%) | 181 (16.6) | 64 (12.4) | .03 |
| Hispanic ethnicity, No. (%) | 239 (21.9) | 79 (15.3) | .002 |
| Current smoker, No. (%) | 172 (15.8) | 60 (11.6) | .03 |
| Previous coronary artery bypass graft, No. (%) | 28 (2.6) | 18 (3.5) | .38 |
| Previous valve surgery, No. (%) | 76 (7.0) | 44 (8.5) | .32 |
| Myocardial infarction, No. (%) | 324 (29.8) | 154 (29.8) | .99 |
| Heart failure, No. (%) | 363 (33.3) | 192 (37.1) | .14 |
| Diabetes, No. (%) | 431 (39.6) | 196 (37.9) | .55 |
| Stroke/transient ischemic attack, No. (%) | 142 (13.0) | 68 (13.2) | .99 |
| Hypertension, No. (%) | 954 (87.6) | 476 (92.1) | .01 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, No. (%) | 183 (16.8) | 86 (16.6) | .98 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, No. (%) | 188 (17.3) | 101 (19.5) | .29 |
| Dialysis, No. (%) | 83 (7.6) | 42 (8.1) | .80 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 29.3 (6.1) | 29.7 (6.3) | .20 |
| Serum creatinine, mean (SD), mg/dL | 1.51 (1.93) | 1.47 (1.78) | .66 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mean (SD), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 73 (27) | 70 (25) | .02 |
| Albumin, mean (SD), mg/dL | 3.9 (0.5) | 3.9 (0.4) | .64 |
| Hemoglobin, mean (SD), g/dL | 12.7 (2.2) | 12.6 (2.1) | .62 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, mean (SD), % | 55 (11) | 55 (11) | .57 |
| β-blocker use, No. (%) | 986 (90.5) | 449 (86.8) | .03 |
| Calcium channel blocker use, No. (%) | 241 (22.1) | 146 (28.2) | .009 |
| Aspirin use, No. (%) | 594 (54.5) | 283 (54.7) | .99 |
| Surgery characteristics | |||
| Valve surgery, No. (%) | 349 (32.0) | 219 (42.4) | <.001 |
| STS risk algorithm, median (IQR), % | 1.34 (0.66-2.26) | 1.76 (0.92-3.04) | <.001 |
| Emergent, No. (%) | 66 (6.1) | 38 (7.4) | .38 |
| Cardiogenic shock, No. (%) | 32 (2.9) | 28 (5.4) | .02 |
| Discharge characteristics | |||
| Amiodarone on discharge, No. (%) | 6 (0.6) | 9 (1.7) | .04 |
| Anticoagulation on discharge, No. (%) | 153 (14.0) | 236 (45.6) | <.001 |
| Time on ventilator, median (IQR), h | 6 (5-17) | 12 (5-22) | <.001 |
| LOS, median (IQR), d | 7 (5-9) | 9 (7-14) | <.001 |
| Discharged to rehabilitation facility, No. (%) | 96 (8.8) | 109 (21.1) | <.001 |
| Died in hospital, No. (%) | 36 (3.3) | 23 (4.4) | .32 |
LOS, length of stay; POAF, postoperative atrial fibrillation; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
a
P < .05 was considered statistically significant.