TABLE 1.
Patient demographics and tumor characteristics.
| Variable | N = 86 |
|---|---|
| Sex, No. (%) | |
| Female | 22 (25.6) |
| Male | 64 (74.4) |
| Age, median (IQR), years | 59 (54.6–65.3) |
| BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2 | 22.3 ± 2.9 |
| ASA score, No. (%) | |
| I | 58 (67.4) |
| II | 28 (32.6) |
| CEA, No. (%) | |
| <5 ng/mL | 71 (82.6) |
| ≥5 ng/mL | 15 (17.4) |
| Tumor location a , median (IQR), mm | 55.0 (40.0–66.0) |
| Tumor length, median (IQR), mm | 25.0 (20.0–33.5) |
| Tumor thickness, median (IQR), mm | 15.0 (10.0–20.0) |
| mrEMVI, No. (%) | |
| Yes | 20 (23.3) |
| No | 66 (76.7) |
| mrIMF, No. (%) | |
| Positive | 17 (19.8) |
| Negative | 69 (80.2) |
| AJCC stage before nCRT, No. (%) | |
| II | 9 (10.5) |
| III | 77 (89.5) |
| Clinical T stage, No. (%) | |
| cT3 | 38 (44.2) |
| cT4a | 42 (48.8) |
| cT4b | 6 (7.0) |
| Clinical N stage, No. (%) | |
| cN0 | 3 (3.5) |
| cN1 | 19 (22.1) |
| cN2 | 53 (61.6) |
| cNx | 11 (12.8) |
| Surgery, No. (%) | |
| SPS | 76 (88.4) |
| APR | 10 (11.6) |
| Differentiation b , No. (%) | |
| Well (G 1) | 15 (17.4) |
| Moderate (G 2) | 58 (67.4) |
| Low (G 3) | 13 (15.1) |
| Circumferential margin | |
| Positive | 4 (4.7) |
| Negative | 82 (95.3) |
| Vascular invasion | |
| Yes | 16 (18.6) |
| No | 70 (81.4) |
| Nerve invasion | |
| Yes | 29 (33.7) |
| No | 57 (66.3) |
| AJCC stage c , No. (%) | |
| I | 8 (9.3) |
| II | 35 (40.7) |
| III | 43 (50.0) |
| AJCC TRG c , No. (%) | |
| 2 | 50 (58.1) |
| 3 | 36 (41.9) |
| Pathological T stage, No. (%) | |
| ypT1 | 0 (0) |
| ypT2 | 18 (21.0) |
| ypT3 | 42 (48.8) |
| ypT4 | 26 (30.2) |
| Pathological N stage, No. (%) | |
| ypN0 | 43 (50) |
| ypN1 | 28 (32.6) |
| ypN2 | 15 (17.4) |
| Organoid IC50, median (IQR) | 34.9 (23.0–47.5) |
Abbreviations: AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; APR, abdominoperineal resection; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; G, tumor grade; IQR, interquartile range; mrEMVI, MRI‐detected extramural vascular invasion; mrIMF, MRI‐detected involved mesorectal fascia; nCRT, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy; No., Number; SD, standard deviation; SPS, sphincter preservation surgery; TRG, tumor regression grading.
a
Distance of the tumor from the anal verge.
b
According to the (2010) WHO classification of tumors of the digestive system.
c
According to the AJCC on Cancer guidelines.