Table 1.
Baseline Clinical Characteristics of Patient Categorized into Two Groups with and without Biliary Drainage
| Biliary Drainage | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Presence (n = 45) | Absence (n = 26) | ||
| Age, median (range) | 79 (50–96) | 76 (48–102) | 0.830 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 26 (58) | 12 (46) | 0.344 |
| APACHE-II score, mean ± SD | 16 ± 5.4 | 15 ± 4.6 | 0.256 |
| SOFA score, mean ± SD | 7.7 ± 2.9 | 7.3 ± 3.3 | 0.607 |
| JAAM DIC score, mean ± SD | 6.0 ± 1.2 | 5.6 ± 1.2 | 0.756 |
| Albumin (g/dL), mean ± SD | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.8 | 0.507 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 3.8 ± 3.0 | 3.7 ± 4.2 | 0.882 |
| AST(U/L), mean ± SD | 197 ± 251 | 298 ± 620 | 0.337 |
| ALT(U/L), mean ± SD | 152 ± 179 | 181 ± 240 | 0.557 |
| γ-GTP(IU/L), mean ± SD | 260 ± 208 | 224 ± 231 | 0.502 |
| ALP(IU/mL), mean ± SD | 998 ± 803 | 1052 ± 1468 | 0.841 |
| CRP (mg/dl), mean ± SD | 22 ± 8.0 | 18 ± 10 | 0.069 |
| rTM preparation, n (%) | 35 (78) | 19 (73) | 0.655 |
| AT replacement therapy, n (%) | 10 (22) | 7 (27) | 0.655 |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin, n (%) | 12 (27) | 3 (12) | 0.132 |
| PMX-HP, n (%) | 3 (6.7) | 1 (3.8) | 0.619 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 4 (8.9) | 3 (12) | 0.718 |
| Improvement of DIC, n (%) | 30 (67) | 19 (73) | 0.574 |
| 28-day mortality, n (%) | 16 (36) | 11 (42) | 0.487 |
| Antibiotics, n (%) | 0.312 | ||
| SBT/CPZ | 23 (51) | 10 (38) | |
| TAZ/PICC | 8 (18) | 5 (19) | |
| MEPM | 9 (20) | 3 (12) | |
| DRPM | 3 (7) | 5 (19) | |
| CZOP | 2 (4) | 3 (12) | |
Abbreviations: APACHE-II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; JAAM, Japanese Association for Acute Medicine; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; γ-GTP, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CRP, C-reactive protein; rTM, recombinant thrombomodulin; AT, antithrombin; PMX-HP, Polymyxin B hemoperfusion; DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; SBT/CPZ, Sulbactam/Cefoperazone; TAZ/PIPC, Tazobactam/Piperacillin; MEPM, Meropenem; DRPM, Doripenem; CZOP, Cefozopran.