Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics and 30-day postoperative adverse outcomes in patients with and without preoperative COVID-19.
| Characteristics | No Hx of COVID-19 (N = 349,676), No. (%) |
Hx of COVID-19 (N = 37,354), No. (%) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 63 (52, 72) | 61 (49, 70) | <0.001 |
| 18–29 | 15166 (4.3%) | 1625 (4.4%) | <0.001 |
| 30–49 | 60828 (17%) | 7734 (21%) | |
| 50–64 | 111160 (32%) | 12838 (34%) | |
| 65+ | 162522 (46%) | 15157 (41%) | |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||
| Female | 190052 (54%) | ‡20952 (≈56%) | |
| Race and Ethnicity | <0.001 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 257334 (74%) | 25833 (69%) | |
| Smoking Status | <0.001 | ||
| Nonsmoker | 304141 (86%) | 33151 (89%) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | <0.001 | ||
| 0–2 | 178477 (51%) | 17527 (47%) | |
| 3+ | 171199 (49%) | 19827 (53%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| CKD | 22374 (6.4%) | 3862 (10%) | <0.001 |
| CHF | 20816 (6.0%) | 3454 (9.2%) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 21089 (6.0%) | 3134 (8.4%) | <0.001 |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 39221 (11%) | 5852 (16%) | <0.001 |
| Depression | 35956 (10%) | 5875 (16%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 41584 (12%) | 7144 (19%) | <0.001 |
| GERD | 58830 (17%) | 9432 (25%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 100981 (29%) | 14669 (39%) | <0.001 |
| Liver Disease | 5730 (1.6%) | 977 (2.6%) | <0.001 |
| Obesity | 51446 (15%) | 8920 (24%) | <0.001 |
| Relative Risk of Surgery | 0.058 | ||
| Low Risk | 134385 (38%) | 14364 (38%) | |
| Medium Risk | 166702 (48%) | 17642 (47%) | |
| High Risk | 48589 (14%) | 5348 (14%) | |
| Vaccine Status | <0.001 | ||
| Fully Vaccinated | 48441 (14%) | 5381 (14%) | |
| Non-Fully Vaccinated | 301235 (86%) | 31973 (86%) | |
| Pandemic Era | <0.001 | ||
| Alpha | 204624 (59%) | 9661 (26%) | |
| Delta | 61838 (18%) | 5942 (16%) | |
| Omicron | 83214 (24%) | 21751 (58%) |
‡
To comply with N3C policy, counts below 20 are displayed as <20 and additional values were skewed by up to 5 in order to render it impossible to back-calculate precise counts in the ‘Missing or Unknown’ category. Hx: history; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease.