Table 3. Summary of GZLM results (odds ratios and P-values) for: (a) effects of IRS coverage with alpha-cypermethrin in the previous year, with proportion of HPLC results indicating underspraying; (b) comparison of IRS vs non-IRS villages in 2017, on marker frequencies.

	(a) IRS coverage		(a) IRS underspraying		(b) IRS vs not (2017)
genotype or allele	Odds ratio	P-value	Odds ratio	P-value	Odds ratio	P-value
kdr	1.49	0.003	1.13	0.20	0.99	0.92
LL	0.37	<0.001	0.56	0.004	0.65	0.43
LS	0.35	<0.001	0.56	0.001	0.78	0.05
LF	1.30	0.08	1.28	0.026	1.70	0.019
SS	1.09	0.58	1.15	0.30	0.79	0.16
FS	1.62	<0.001	0.91	0.38	3.09	0.30
FF	0.72	0.40	1.93	0.013	0.72	0.77
L	0.69	<0.001	0.86	0.042	0.9	0.26
S	1.04	0.63	0.95	0.52	0.83	<0.001
F	1.40	<0.001	1.16	0.048	1.36	<0.001

models: (a) District, Year, proportionate SP-IRS in previous year, proportion of houses undersprayed; (b): IRS appled (yes/no) district (random variable).